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http://dx.doi.org/10.14776/piv.2018.25.e3

Bacterial Infections after Liver Transplantation in Children: Single Center Study for 16 Years  

Kim, Jae Choon (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital)
Kim, Su Ji (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital)
Yun, Ki Wook (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital)
Choi, Eun Hwa (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital)
Yi, Nam Joon (Department of General Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital)
Suh, Kyung Suk (Department of General Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital)
Lee, Kwang-Woong (Department of General Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital)
Lee, Hoan Jong (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital)
Publication Information
Pediatric Infection and Vaccine / v.25, no.2, 2018 , pp. 82-90 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: Survival after liver transplantation (LT) has improved over the years, but infection is still a major complication. We aimed to identify the characteristics of bacterial infections in pediatric LT recipients. Methods: This study is a retrospective review of 189 consecutive children undergoing LT between 2000 and 2015 at a single center. In this study, the incidence of infection was determined for the following periods: within 1 month, between 1-5 months, and between 6-12 months. Patients who underwent liver transplants more than once or multiple organ transplants were excluded. Results: All patients had received postoperative antibiotic for 3 days. Only the maintenance immunosuppression with oral tacrolimus and steroids were performed. As a result, 132 bacterial infections developed in 87 (46.0%) patients (0.70 events per person-year). Bacterial infections occurred most frequently within the first month (n=84, 63.6%) after LT. In the pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus (15.2%), Enterococcus species (15.2%), and Klebsiella species (13.6%) were most common. Regarding the organ infected, bloodstream was most common (n=39, 29.5%), followed by peritoneum (n=28, 21.2%), urinary tract (n=25, 18.9%), and lungs (n=20, 15.2%). We changed prophylactic antibiotics from ampicillin-sulbactam to piperacillin-tazobactam at 2011, October, there were no significant effects in the prevalence of antibiotics resistant bacterial infections. The 1-year mortality was 9.0% (n=17), in which 41.2% (n=7) was attributable to bacterial infection; septicemia (n=4), pneumonia (n=2), and peritonitis (n=1). Conclusions: The incidence and type of bacterial infectious complications after LT in pediatric patients were similar to those of previous studies. Bacterial complications affecting mortality occur within 6 months after transplantation, so proper prophylaxis and treatment in this period may improve the prognosis of LT.
Keywords
Liver transplantation; Child; Bacterial infections; Korea;
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