Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2022.36.2.177

Distributional Characteristics, Population Structures and Fruition Dynamics of Korean Endemic plant, Prunus choreiana H. T. Im  

Kim, Young-Chul (Research Center for Natural Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Chae, Hyun-Hee (Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Son, Sung-Won (Division of Plant Resources, Korea National Arboretum)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.36, no.2, 2022 , pp. 177-201 More about this Journal
Abstract
Following the adoption of the global plant conservation strategies at the Conference of the Parties for Biodiversity Conservation, diligent actions to achieve each targets are actively carried out. In particular, the need for ecological conservation research to achieve targets 2 and 7 of GSPC-2020 has increased. The priority taxa to accomplish the objectives of GSPC-2020 are rare and endemic plants. In particular, endemic plants with limited distribution in specific regions are evaluated to face a high risk of extinction. To address the necessity to preserve endemic plants, we investigated the distribution of Prunus choreiana H. T. Im, a Korean endemic plant. After that, we examined the vegetational environment of the habitat of P. choreiana and evaluated its population structure. The productivity of its fruits and the effects of pollinators on fruit production were evaluated as well. The fruiting ratio was calculated based on the number of flowers produced. Lastly, we observed the annual growth characteristics of P. choreiana. The habitats of P. choreiana did not show a specific type of vegetation. All of them were located in a limestone area of Gangwon-do in the central Korean Peninsula and occupied a site where the coverage of the tree layer and the sub-tree layer was not high or did not exist. The population structure of P. choreiana contained a high proportion of mature plants capable of producing fruits and a low proportion of seedlings and Juvenile plants. We found that the production of fruits required pollinators and was affected by the performance of each plant. Although P. choreiana produces many flowers, only a maximum of 20% and only 2-6% on average bear fruits. These flowering characteristics may be due to pollinators' low abundance and activity during the flowering season (between mid-March and early April), suggesting that many flowers are needed to attract more pollinators. We rarely observed the re-establishment of seedlings in the population of P. choreiana. Despite that, we predict the population to persist owing to its long lifespan and periodic production of numerous fruits. However, if the tree layer and sub-tree layer in competing status with P. choreiana increase their crown density, they are expected to inhibit the growth of P. choreiana and affect the risk of its extinction. Therefore, the current changes in the vegetational environment of the habitats are expected to decrease the number and extent of P. choreiana in the long term. The results of this study may serve as primary and important data necessary for the achievement of GSPC-2020 objectives.
Keywords
CONSERVATION; LIMESTONE AREA; PHENOLOGY; SPECIES TRAITS;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kim, Y.C., H.H. Chae, G.H. Nam and K.S. Lee(2018) Adapting strategy of biennial endangered Halenia corniculata (L.) Cornaz to environmental stress and its implications for conservation plan. Journal of Plant Biology 61: 177-185.   DOI
2 Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD)(2010) Decision adopted by the conference of the parties to the convention on Biological Diversity at its Tenth meeting. Nagoya, Japan, 7pp.
3 Thomas, C.D., A. Cameron, R.E. Green, M. Bakkenes, L.J. Beaumont, Y.C. Collingham, B.F.N. Erasmus, M.F. De Siqueira, A. Grainger, L. Hannah, L. Hughes, B. Huntley, A.S. Van Jaarsveld, G.F. Midgley, L. Miles, M.A. Ortega-Huerta, A.T. Peterson, O.L. Phillips and S.E. Williams(2004) Extinction risk from climate change. Nature 427: 145-148.   DOI
4 Chae, H.H., Y.C. Kim, M.H. Kwak and G.H. Nam(2021a) Distribution characteristics, population structure and dynamics of the endangered plant, Viola websteri Hemsl. Journal of Environment and Ecology 35: 48-67.
5 Blackmore, S., M. Gibby and D. Rae(2011) Strengthening the scientific contribution of botanic gardens to the second phase of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 166: 267-281.   DOI
6 Braun-Blanquet, J.(1964) Pflanzensoziologie. 3. Springer-Verlag, New York, 865pp.
7 Chae, H.H., Y.C. Kim, W.G. An, M.H. Kwak, G.H. Nam and K.S. Lee(2019) Distributional characteristics and population substantiality of Viola mirabilis L.; rear edge population in Korea. Journal of Environment and Ecology 33: 422-439. (in Korean and English abstract)
8 Callmander, M.W., G.F. Schatz and P.P. Lowry II(2005) IUCN Red List assessment and the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: Taxonomists must act now. TAXON 54: 1047-1050.   DOI
9 Chae, H.H. Y.C. Kim, K.S. Lee, G.H. Nam, S.R. Lee, Y.J. Lee and Y.K. Lee(2019) Floristic characteristics of vascular plants in the Dong-gang river basin ecological and scenery conservation area. Journal of Environment and Ecology 33: 131-167.(in Korean and English abstract)
10 Chae, H.H.(2021) Conservation ecology on the rare plant Thalictrum petaloideum L. and the endemic plant Zabelia tyaihyoni (Nakai) Hisauti & Hara in Korea. Ph.D. dissertation, Graduate School of Gangneung-wonju National University, Gangwon-do, Korea. 235pp.(in Korean and English abstract)
11 Chae, H.H., Y.C. Kim, M.H. Kwak and G.H. Nam(2021b) Internal dynamics of wetland specialist, population of Lychnis wilfordii (Regel) Maxim. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 35: 237-255.   DOI
12 Chang, C.S., H. Kim, S. Son and Y.S. Kim(2016) The Red List of selected vascular plants in Korea. Korea National Arboretum and Korean Plant Specialist Group, Pocheon, Korea, 50pp.
13 Grubb, J.P.(1977) The maintenance of species-richness in plant communities: The importance of the regeneration niche. Biological Reviews 52: 107-145.   DOI
14 Crawley, M.J. and G.J.S. Ross(1990) The population dynamics of plants [and discussion]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences 330: 125-140.   DOI
15 Drury, W.H.(1974) Rare species. Biological Conservation 6: 162-169.   DOI
16 Dupre, C. and J. Ehrlen(2002) Habitat configuration, species traits and plant distributions. Journal of Ecology 90: 796-805.   DOI
17 Harper, J.L.(1977) Population biology of plants. Academic Press, London, 892pp.
18 Hong, H.H., W.G. Kim and H.T. Im(2006) Validation of Prunus choreiana (Rosaceae). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 36: 257-262.   DOI
19 Hong, Y.S., S.Y. Lee, S.L. Lee, E.P. Lee, E.J. Kim, J.H. Park, H.M. Jeong and Y.H. You(2018) The phenological response of leaf of deciduous woody species to base temperature maintenance. Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment 51: 259-267. (in Korean and English abstract)   DOI
20 IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee(2014) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee, 87pp.
21 IUCN(2000) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, version 3.1 second edition. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, 32pp.
22 IUCN(2012) Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional and National Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, 41pp.
23 National Institute of Biological Resources(NIBR)(2021) Red data book of Republic of Korea(Volume 5, Vascular plants). National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea, 523pp. (in Korean)
24 National Institute of Biological Resources(NIBR)(2013) Endemic Species of Korea. Plantae. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 912pp.(in Korean)
25 National Institute of Biological Resources(NIBR)(2014a) Flora of biodiversity hot-spot in Korea (III). National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 131pp.(in Korean and English abstract)
26 National Institute of Biological Resources(NIBR)(2014b) Korean Red list of threatened species (2nd ed.). National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea, 242pp.
27 Pickett, S.T.A. and J.N. Thompson(1978) Patch dynamics and the design of nature reserves. Biological Conservation 13: 27-37.   DOI
28 Kim, Y.C., H.H. Chae and K.S. Lee(2016) Distributional characteristics and population dynamics of endangered plant, Paeonia obovata Maxim. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 30: 658-675. (in Korean and English abstract)   DOI
29 Kim, Y.C., H.H. Chae, B.R. Hong, H.K. Oh, K.H. Lee and K.S. Lee(2016) The status of endangered plants distributed in the middle eastern area of Korea and evaluation of the risk factors. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 30: 291-307. (in Korean and English abstract)   DOI
30 Paton, A.J., N.B. Rafael Govaerts, K. Harman, S. Hinchcliffe, B. Allkin and E.N. Lughadha(2008) Towards target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: A working list of all known plant species-progress and prospects. TAXON 57: 602-611.
31 Sharrock, S. and P.W. Jackson(2017) Plant conservation and the sustainable development goals: A policy paper prepared for the global partnership for plant conservation. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 102: 290-302.   DOI
32 Shin, H.T. and S.K. Kang(2011) The trends in the application of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation to arboretums and countermeasures. The Journal of Korean Institute of Forest Recreation 15: 1-8. (in Korean and English abstract)
33 Tropek, R., T. Kadlec, P. Karesova, L. Spitzer, P. Kocarek, I. Malenovsky, P. Banar, I.H. Tuf, M. Hejda and M. Konvicka(2010) Spontaneous succession in limestone quarries as an effective restoration tool for endangered arthropods and plants. Journal of Applied Ecology 47: 139-47.   DOI
34 Wolf, A.(2001) Conservation of endemic plants in serpentine landscapes. Biology Conservation 100: 35-44.   DOI
35 Ministry of Environment(MOE)(2018) The Republic of Korea's fourth national biodiversity strategy 2019-2023. Ministry of Environment, Seojeong-si, Korea, 72pp.
36 Korea National Aboretum(KNA)(2012) Rare plants in Korea. Korea National Arboretum, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 412pp. (in Korean)
37 Leps, J. and P. Smilauer(2007) Multivariate analysis of ecological data using CANOCO. Cambridge University Press, New York, 269pp.
38 Miller, J.S., H.A. Porter-Morgan, H. Stevens, B. Boom, G.A. Krupnick, P. Acevedo-Rodriguez, J. Fleming and M. Gensler(2012) Addressing target two of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation by rapidly identifying plant at risk. Biodivers Conserv. 21: 1877-1887.   DOI