Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2019.33.4.453

Monitoring Soil Characteristics and Growth of Pinus densiflora Five Years after Restoration in the Baekdudaegan Ridge  

Han, Seung Hyun (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science)
Kim, Jung Hwan (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science)
Kang, Won Seok (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science)
Hwang, Jae Hong (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science)
Park, Ki Hyung (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science)
Kim, Chan-Beom (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.33, no.4, 2019 , pp. 453-461 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was conducted to monitor the soil characteristics and growth of Pinus densiflora and to determine the effect of soil characteristics on growth rate five years after an ecological restoration project in Baekdudaegan ridge including Ihwaryeong, Yuksimnyeong, and Beoljae sites. The ecological restoration project was executed with the forest of P. densiflora in 2012-2013. In April 2018, we collected soil samples from each site and measured the height and the diameter at breach height (DBH) of P. densiflora. Although there was no significant change of soil pH compared to the early stage of restoration (one year after the project), it was high in Ihwaryeong, and Beoljae with values of 7.7 and 6.4, respectively. Also, the organic matter decreased by 70-80%, and the available phosphorus (P) was unchanged in three restoration sites. The decreased organic matter can be attributed to restriction of inflow and thus decomposition of litter in the early stage after the restoration. The tree height growth rate ($m\;yr^{-1}$) of P. densiflora in Yuksimnyeong was the highest at 1.02, followed by Beolja at 0.75 and Ihwaryeong at 0.17. The height growth rate showed negative relationships with soil pH and cations, including Na and Ca concentrations and a positive relationship with available phosphate. The low growth rate in the Ihwaryeong site, in particular, might result from the poor nutrient availability due to high soil pH and the decrease in water absorption into the root due to high Na and Ca concentrations. The substantial reduction of organic matter after five years indicates that the need for soil improvement using chemical fertilizer and biochar.
Keywords
ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; FOREST MANAGEMENT; HEIGHT GROWTH RATE; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; SOIL ENVIRONMENT;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 9  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Lee, W.S., Y.D. Park and T.H. Kwon(2017) An analysis of landscape change factors on restoration project of ecological ridgeline using landscape adjectives. Journal of Korean Environmental Restoration Technology 20(1): 97-115. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
2 Mehnaz, K.R., C. Keitel and F.A. Dijkstra(2019) Phosphorus availability and plants alter soil nitrogen retention and loss. Science of The Total Environment 671(25): 786-794.   DOI
3 Min, E.S., G.S. Park, S.H. Song and S.W. Lee(2003) Soil properties in Panax ginseng nursury by parent rock. Journal of Agricultural Science 30(1): 31-40. (in Korean with English abstract)
4 Moore, J.R., J.D. Tombleson, J.A. Turner and M. Colff(2008) Wind effects on juvenile trees: a review with special reference to toppling of radiata pine growing in New Zealand. Forestry 81(3): 377-387.   DOI
5 Nakaji, T., M. Fukami, Y. Dokiya and T. Izuta(2001) Effects of high nitrogen load on growth, photosynthesis and nutrient status of Cryptomeria japonica and Pinus densiflora seedlings. Trees 15: 453-461.   DOI
6 Byeon, J.G., S.H. Oh, K.S. Lee, J.E. Yun, J.W. Jang, J.B. Jeong, J.C. Yang and H.J. Kim(2014) The flora vascular plants in Mt. Galjeongok-bong protected area for forest genetic resource conservation, Baekdudaegan, Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Resources 27(5): 477-484. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
7 Byun, J.K., C.S. Kim, C.C. Lim and J.H. Jeong(2011) Soil chemical property, mortality rates and growth of planting trees from soil covering depths in coastal reclaimed land of Asan area. Korean Journal of Soil Sceince and Fertilizer 44(3): 502-509.   DOI
8 Cho, M.S., L. Meng, J.H. Song, S.H. Han, K. Bae and B.B. Park(2017) The effects of biochars on the growth of Zelkova serrata seedlings in a containerized seedling production system. Forest Science and Technology 13(1): 25-30.   DOI
9 Duff, S.M.G., S. Gautam and W.C. Plaxton(1994) The role of acid phosphatases in plant phosphorus metabolism. Physiology Plant 90: 791-800.   DOI
10 Dolezal, J., J.S. Song, J. Altman, S. Janecek, T. Cerny, M. Srutek and J. Kolbek(2009) Tree growth and competition in a post-logging Quercus mongolica forest on Mt. Sobaek, South Korea. Ecological Research 24(2): 281-290.   DOI
11 Farid, I.M. (2013) Phosphorus fractions in some Calcareous soils of Egypt as affected by aging and their properties. Egyptian Journal of Soil Science 53(4): 555-566.   DOI
12 Han, S., J. An, T.K. Yoon, S.J. Yun, J.H. Hwang, M.S. Cho and Y. Son(2014) Species-specific growth responses of Betula costata, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, and Quercus variabilis seedlings to open-field artificial warming. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 16(3): 219-226. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
13 Son, Y., C.D. Koo, C. Kim, P.S. Park, C.W. Yoon and K.H. Lee(2016) Forest ecology. Hyangmun Book Co., Republic of Korea, pp. 47-52. (in Korean)
14 Hwang, J. and Y. Son(2006) Short-term effects of thinning and liming on forest soils of pitch pine and Japanese larch plantations in central Korea. Ecological Research 21(5): 671-680.   DOI
15 Seo, D.J., C.Y. Oh, K.S. Woo and J.C. Lee(2013) A study on ecological niche of Pinus densiflora forests according to the environmental factors. Korean Journal of Agriculture and Forest Meteorology 15(3): 153-160. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
16 Sharma, A., D.C. Weindorf, D.D. Wang and S. Chakraborty(2015) Characterizing soils via portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer: 4. cation exchange capacity (CEC). Geoderma 239-240: 130-134.   DOI
17 Storey, R. (1995) Salt tolerance, ion relation, and the effect of root medium on the response of citrus to salinity. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 22(1): 101-114.   DOI
18 Yang, A.R. and M.S. Cho(2019) The growth performances and soil properties of planted Zelkova serrata trees accroding to fertilization in harvested Pinus rigida plantation over 6 years after planting. Journal of Korean Forest Society 108(1): 29-39. (in Korean with English abstract)
19 Templer, P.H., G.M. Lovett, K.C. Weathers, S.E. Findlay and T.E. Dawson(2005) Influence of tree species on forest nitrogen retention in the Catskill mountains, New York, USA. Ecosystems 8: 1-16.   DOI
20 Won, H.K., Y.Y. Lee, J.H. Jeong, K.S. Koo, C.H. Lee, S.W. Lee, Y.H. Jeong, C. Kim and H. Kim(2006) Fertilization effects on soil properties, understory vegetation structure and growth of Pinus densiflora seedlings planted after forest fires. Journal of Korean Forest Society 95(3): 334-341. (in Korean with English abstract)
21 Yang, A.R., J. Hwang, S.W. Song and M. Cho(2013) The comparison of soil properties and early growth of Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi seedlings in harvested Larix kaempferi and Pinus rigida stands. Journal of Korean Forest Society 102(3): 455-462. (in Korean with English abstract)
22 Yang, A.R., J. Jeong and M.S. Cho(2018) Site and soil factors affecting early growth of Larix kaempferi trees planted in harvested Larix kaemferi plantations. Journal of Korean Forest Society 107(1): 35-42. (in Korean with English abstract)
23 You, J.H., J.H. Ra, H.J. Cho and J.N. Ku(2009) Practical plan and vascular plants around construct-reserved site of ecological forest in Baekdudaegan. Journal of Korean Environmental Restoration Technology 12(5): 42-58. (in Korean with English abstract)
24 Yu, Z.Y., F.S. Chen, D.H. Zeng, Z. Qiong and G.S. Chen(2008) Soil inorganic nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen under pine plantations in Zhanggutai sandy soil. Pedosphere 18(6): 775-784.   DOI
25 Zhou, B., M. Shao and H. Shao(2009) Effects of rock fragments on water movement and solute transport in a Loess Plateau soil. Comptes Rendus Geoscience 341(6): 462-472.   DOI
26 Rausch, C.M. and M. Bucher(2002) Molecular mechanisms of phosphate transport in plants. Planta 216(1): 23-37.   DOI
27 National Institute of Forest Science(2012a) Forest volumes, biomass and stand yield table. National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 175pp. (in Korean).
28 National Institute of Forest Science(2012b) Commercial (1): Pinus densiflora. National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 27pp. (in Korean).
29 National Institute of Forest Science(2018) Development of forest landscape restoration guideline to conserve topography of Baekdudeagan mountain system. National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea, pp. 1-2. (in Korean).
30 Park, Y.D., T.H. Kwon and H.S. Ma(2016) Ecological monitoring on changes in microclimate, vegetation and soil properties after 2 years in restoration project sites linking the ridgeline of Baekdudaegan. Journal of Agriculture and Life Science 50(1): 125-136. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
31 Ruiz-Jaen, M.C. and T.M. Aide(2005) Restoration success: How is it being measured? Restoration Ecology 13(3): 569-577.   DOI
32 National Institute of Agricultural Sciences(2010) Methods of soil chemical analysis. Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Republic of Korea. (in Korean)
33 Jeong, J.H., K.S. Koo, C.H. Lee and C.S. Kim(2002) Physicochemical properties of Korean forest soils by regions. Journal of Korean Forest Science 91(6): 694-700. (in Korean with English abstract)
34 Lee, C.W., C.Y. Lee, J.H. Kim, H.J. Youn and K. Choi(2006) Characteristics of soil erosion in forest fire area at Kosung, Kangwondo. Journal of Korean Forest Society 93(3): 198-204. (in Korean with English abstract)
35 Kim, J.H., D.H. Kim and D.H. Lee(2015) Effects of fertilizer treatment on the growth characteristics of 2-years old Pinus koraiensis siebold & Zucc container seedlings. Journal of Agriculture and Life Science 49(1): 63-70. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
36 Korea Meteorological Administration(2011) Climatological normals of Korea. Seoul, Republic of Korea, 663pp.