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http://dx.doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2017.31.4.409

A Study on Correlation Between the Growth of Korean Red Pine and Location Environment in Temple Forests in Jeollanam-do, Korea  

Park, Seok-Gon (Division of Forest Resources and Landscape Architecture, Sunchon National Univ.)
Hong, Suk-Hwan (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Pusan National Univ.)
Oh, Chan-Jin (Jeollanam-do Forest Resources Research Institute)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.31, no.4, 2017 , pp. 409-419 More about this Journal
Abstract
Although Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora) forests near temples are valuable as forests of the cultural landscape, they are likely to be deteriorated because of vegetation succession and climate changes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the vegetation structure, the pine vitality, and the site environmental characteristics of the pine forests near temples to identify the correlation between pine tree growth and location environment. We selected Chuneunsa, Wonhyosa, Jeungsimsa, and Taeansa Temples since these four areas still had the healthy pine forests. In all four studied area, the pine trees dominate the canopy layers while the deciduous broadleaf trees mostly inhabited appeared in the lower layers. The growth of pine trees in Jeungsimsa and Wonhyosa areas was not as good as Chuneunsa area where the pine trees tended to be older. We found higher total nitrogen content in soil in Jeungsimsa area than other areas, maybe because of increase in total nitrogen caused by the development of low vegetation in the area. This peculiarity may have led to the pine trees in the area to fall behind the deciduous broadleaf trees in competition for nitrogen nutrient and thus to show deteriorated growth. The altitude and the twig length showed a negative correlation as did the degree of slope and the mean importance percentage of the pine tree. In other words, the growth environment such as soil became poorer when the altitude and the degree of slope increased, and thus the growth amount and dominance of the pine trees were lower. The degree of slope showed a positive correlation with the twig length of the pine tree. Within boundaries of location environment where the pine tree forests were dominant, it seemed that growth of the pine trees was more favorable as the slope was steeper because the trees could avoid competition with deciduous broadleaf trees. On the other hand, the growth of pine trees deteriorated as the electrical conductivity of soil increased; increase in soil nutrients might have accelerated vegetation development of deciduous broadleaf trees and thus aggravated the growth environment of pine trees to negatively affect maintaining the health of the pine tree forests.
Keywords
TEMPLE FOREST; VEGETATION SUCCESSION; SUITABLE HABITAT; TREE VITALITY; TOTAL NITROGEN;
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