Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2016.30.6.986

Distributions of Endangered Fish Species and Their Relations to Chemical Water Quality-Ecological Stream Health in Geum-River Watershed  

Lee, Sang-Jae (Dept. of Biological Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National Univ.)
An, Kwang Guk (Dept. of Biological Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National Univ.)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.30, no.6, 2016 , pp. 986-995 More about this Journal
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the distribution of endangered fish species and elucidate their relations on chemical water quality, physical habitat conditions and ecological stream health. The dominant species in the watershed was Pseudopungtungia nigra (Pn), Gobiobotia macrocephala (Gm), Gobiobotia brevibarba (Gb), Liobagrus obesus (Lo), and Iksookimia choii (Ic) in the order. The species of Pn designated as "critical endangered species (I) (CER)", was most widely distributed species among the endangered species, so the designation of the species should be re-evaluated. The endangered species was most popular (4 species, 384 individuals) in the Cho-River region of eighteen lotic regions. According to the analysis of chemical tolerance limits in the habitats with endangered fish species, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and total phosphorus (TP) was analyzed as "very good" (Ia) and "good condition" in the chemical criteria of the Ministry of Environment, Korea. Also, chemical conditions, based on ammonia-N ($NH_{4+}$), total nitrogen (TN), phosphate-P ($PO_{4^-}P$) were much better in the habitat with endangered species (Hw) than the habitat without endangered species (Ho). In the meantime, the species of Ic showed wide ranges on the chemical tolerance, so physical habitat conditions, such as the size of substrate particles (sand) and hydrological regime, were considered as more important factors than the chemical water quality, if the water quality is not largely degraded. The endangered species were also more distributed in the high-order (4-6) streams than the low-order (1-3) streams. The evaluation of ecological stream health, based on multi-metric model of the Index of Biological Integrity (IBI), showed the large difference between the Hw (21.6, fair condition)and Ho (30.5, good condition), indicating that the habitat maintained well chemically and physically had higher distributions of endangered species. Overall, the designation of CER on the Pn should be re-evaluated due to wide-distributions, and the protections from water pollution and the habitat conservations on the endangered species are necessary in the watershed.
Keywords
DOMINANT SPECIES; PHYSICAL HABITAT; WATER POLLUTION;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 An, K. G., D. H. Yeom and S. K. Lee (2001a) Rapid Bioassessments of Kap stream using the index of biological integrity. Korean J. Environ. Biol. 19(4): 261-269. (in Korean with English abstract)
2 An, K. G., S. H. Jung and S. S. Choi (2001b) An evaluation on health conditions of Pyong-Chang river using the the index of Biological Integrity (IBI) and Qualitative habitat evaluation index (QHEI). Korean J. Limnol. 34(3):153-162. (in Korean with English abstract)
3 An. K.G., J. Y. Lee, D. Y. Bae, J. H. Kim, S. J. Hwang, D. H. Won. J. K .Lee and C. S. Kim (2006) Ecological assessments of aquatic environment using multi-metric model in major nationwide stream watersheds. Journal of Korean Society on water quality 22(5):796-804. (in Korean with English abstract)
4 Bang, I. C., I. R. Lee and M. H. Ko (2012) Distribution status and estimation of population size of the endangered species Cobitis choii (Pisces: Cobitidae) in Geum river, Korea. Korean Journal of Ichthyology 24(1):56-61. (in Korean with English abstract)
5 Barbour, Michael T., Jeroen Gerritsen, Blaine D. Snyder, and James B. Stribling (1999) Rapid Bioassessment Protocols for Use in Streams and Wadeable Rivers: Periphyton, Benthic Macroinvertebrates and Fish. Second Edition. EPA 841-B-99-002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water. Washington. D.C. 313pp.
6 Karr, J.R. (1981) Assessment of biotic integrity using fish communities.Fisheries 6: 21-27.   DOI
7 Kim J. Y. and K.G. An (2014) Microhabitat Analysis of Endangered Species (I), Cobitis choii with Rapid Decreases of Population by Environmental Pollution for a Habitat Replacement. Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment, 23(4):271-284. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
8 Kim, I.S. and J.Y.Park (2002) Freshwater fishes of Korea. Kyohak Press (in Korean)
9 Lee, J.H. , Y.P. Hong and K.G. An (2007) Multi-metric index assessments of fish model and comparative analysis of community index with the health index in the upstream watershed of southern Han river Korean J. Limnol. 40(2):327-336. (in Korean with English abstract)
10 Oh, K.W.and N.C. Kim (1980) Effect of pH and ammonia on the rate of nitrification of cheong-gye cheon sewage water Korean J. Limnol. 13(3):1-6(in Korean with English abstract)
11 Son Y. M. and H.B, Song (2006) Freshwater fishes of Geum river, Korea. Jisung Press (in Korean)
12 Sanders RE, Milter RJ, Yondr CO, Rankin ET. (1999) The use of external deformities, erosion, lesions, and tumors (DELT anomalies) in fish assemblages for characterizing aquatic resources: a case study of seven Ohio streams. In: Simon TP, editor. Assessing the sustainability and biological integrity of water resources using fish communities. Washington, DC, USA: CRC Press; p. 225-45.
13 Strahler, A.N., (1957) Quantitative analysis of watershed geometry, American Geophysical Union Transactions, 38, 913-920.   DOI
14 US EPA. 1993. Fish field and laboratory methods for evaluation the biological integrity of surface waters. EPA 600-R-92-111. Environmental Monitoring systems Laboratory-Cincinnati office of Modeling, Monitoring systems and quality assurance Office of Research Development. U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268.
15 Groombridge. B. (1992) World Conservation Monitoring centre. IN 'Global biodiversity'. Chapman & Hall. London