Browse > Article

Vegetation Structure of the Bulguksa Buddhist Temple Forest in the Gyeongju National Park  

Kang, Hyun-Mi (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Pusan Nat'l Univ.)
Choi, Song-Hyun (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Pusan Nat'l Univ.)
Lee, Soo-Dong (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Gyeongnam Nat'l Univ. of Science and Technology)
Cho, Hyun-Seo (Dept. of Forest Resources, Gyeongnam Nat'l Univ. of Science and Technology)
Kim, Ji-Suk (Dept. of Bio Environmental Energy, Pusan Nat'l Univ.)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.26, no.5, 2012 , pp. 787-800 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the vegetation structure of Bulguksa around Buddhist Temple Forest in the Gyeongju National Park. To do so, forty-two plots($100m^2$) were set up and surveyed. The surveyed plots were divided into four groups according to the analysis of classification by TWINSPAN; (I) Pinus densiflora-Pinus koraiensis community, (II) Pinus densiflora community, (III) Pinus densiflora-Acer palmatum community, (IV) Acer palmatum-Pinus densiflora community. The results of vegetation structure analysis were; Bulguksa around Buddhist Temple Forest in the Gyeongju National Park were dominated by Pinus densiflora. IV community, influx of Acer palmatum in Pinus densiflora community, Acer palmatum-Pinus densiflora community are believed to be a change to the community. But, recent spontaneously is growing Quercus variabilis, Quercus aliena, Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica in understory and shrub layer. Later, it is expected that Pinus densiflora competition. The forest vegetation age of the study area is Pinus densiflora were dominant trees in forest was 30~100 years, old while that of Acer palmatum was 30~36 years old.
Keywords
TWINSPAN; FOREST AGE; Acer palmatum; Pinus densiflora;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Brower, J.E. and J.H. Zar(1977) Field and Laboratory Methods for General Ecology. Wm. C. Brown Company, 194pp.
2 Cho, J.C.(1987) A Study on Pinus densiflora community on Conservation Measures in the Natural Park. Univ. of Seoul. Graduate School Dissertation for the Degree of Master, 56pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
3 Choe, J.Y.(2002) A Study on the Preservation of a National Park Mt.Namsan's Plan in Kyongju. Construction and Environmental Research 1(4):157-169. (in Korean with English abstract)
4 Choi, S.H. and H.M. Kang(2006) Vegetation Structure of the Kumsaenggol in the Wolchulsan National Park. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 20(4): 464-472. (in Korean with English abstract)
5 Choi, S.H. and Y.K. Yi(2000) Vegetation Sturcture and Management Proposal of Hwangsong Park in Kyongju. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 14(1): 46-56. (in Korean with English abstract)
6 Choi, S.H., K.J. Lee and J.Y. Kim(1998) Altitudinal Vegetation Structure of SunginBong in Ullungdo(Island). Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 12(3): 290-296. (in Korean with English abstract)
7 Choi, S.H., K.K. Oh and H.M. Kang(2005) Vegetation Structure of Cheonseongsan Area-In the Case of the Wonhyo Tunnel Reserved Section of the Gyeongbu Line for KTX. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 19(4): 333-341. (in Korean with English abstract)
8 Choi, S.H., Y.K. Yi, P.I. Yi and S.H. Lee(2008) Ecological Value Assessment of Bulguk-Temple in Toham Mountain. Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment 8(1): 67-80. (in Korean with English abstract)
9 Curtis, J.T. and R.P. McIntosh(1951) An upland forest continuum in the prairie-forest border region of Wisconsin. Ecology 32: 476-496.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Gwak, B.H. and Y.C. Sin(1980) Scenic landscapes, vegetation and trees about ramp inspections. Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 8(1): 1-11. (in Korean with English abstract)
11 Gyeongju-si(2005) Gyeongju National Park Management Plan, 443pp. (in Korean)
12 Ha, J.H., G.P. Hong and N.C. Kim(1997) A Study on the Planting Status of Landscaping Plants of Sunam Temple. Landscape of Buddhist temples 5: 45-57. (in Korean with English abstract)
13 Han, S.I.(1991) A Study on Reasonable Management Programs of Kyung-ju National Park. Korea Academic Society of Tourism Management Tourism Studies 1: 255-267. (in Korean with English abstract)
14 Baek, G.J. and G.T. Kim(1999) Studies on the Vegetation Structure and Management of the Seonghwoanglim(Natural Monument No. 93) in Wonju. Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology 13(1): 66-69. (in Korean with English abstract)
15 Baek, J.B., S.H. Choi and J.W. Cho(2000) The Analysis of FOREST Structure for Vegetation Landscape Management in Seongnamsa Temple Area. Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture 18(4): 68-76. (in Korean with English abstract)
16 Im, W.H.(2009) Improvement of management systems in Gyeongju National Park-1. Journal of ecocity 33(2): 17-35. (in Korean)
17 Harcombe, P.A. and P.H. Marks(1978) Tree diameter distribution and replacementprocesses in southeast Texas forests. For sci. 24(2): 153-166.
18 Hill, M.O.(1979a) DECORANA - a FORTRAN program for detrended correspondence analysis and reciprocal averaging. Ecology and Systematics, Cornel Univ., Ithaca, New York, 520pp.
19 Hill, M.O.(1979b) TWINSPAN - a FORTRAN program for arranging multivariate data in an ordered two-way table by classification of the individuals and attributes. Ecology and Systematics, Cornel Univ., Ithaca, New York, 990pp.
20 Jeong, G.H.(1997) A Thought to Landscape of Korean Buddhist Temples. Landscape of Buddhist temples 5: 35-44. (in Korean with English abstract)
21 Kim, T.I.(2009) Gyeongju National Park Management Plan Based on Economic Valuation. The Journal of Korean Institute of Forest Recreation 13(1): 7-17. (in Korean with English abstract)
22 Kim, W.(1994) Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyeongsangnam-do not naturally green overhaul. Ministry of Environment, 366pp. (in Korean)
23 KNPS Gyeongju National Park(2010) Resource Monitoring in Gyeongju National Park: 2year. 293pp. (in Korean)
24 KNPS(2008) Gyeongju National Park Resource Investigation. 649pp. (in Korean)
25 Lee, J.M.(1991) A Study on Actual Vegetation and Vegetation in Gyeongju National Park, Namsan. Kyungpook National University Dissertation for the Master Degree, 20pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
26 Lee, K.J., S.H. Choi, H.S. Cho and Y.W. Lee(1994) The Analysis of the Forest Community Structure of Tokyusan National Park: Case Study of Paekryunsa-Kumpotan. Journal of Korean Applied Ecology 7(2):135-154. (in Korean with English abstract)
27 Lee, S.Y.(2008) A Study of the Improvement of Management System of Gyeongju National Park. Gyeongju Univ. Graduate School Dissertation for the Degree of Master, 45pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
28 National Science Museum(1997) A Study on Ecosystems in Gyeongju National Park, 144pp. (in Korean)
29 Lee, Y.K., B.I. Lee, S.H. Choi and S.Y. Han(2011) Korean Buddhist Temples: Buddhist Temples Valuation and Management of the Public Interest, 396pp. (in Korean)
30 Mungyeong-si(2010) Survey and annual business planning services in the Protected Area for Forest Genetic Resources, 347pp. (in Korean)
31 Orloci, L.(1978) Multivariate Analysis in Vegetation research, 2nd ed. W. Junk, The Hague, 468pp.
32 Park, I.H.(1985) A Study on Forest Structure and Biomass in Baegwoonsan Natural Ecosystem. Seoul Natinal Univ. Graduate School Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 42pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
33 Shin, Y.J.(2000) A Proposal for Improvement of the Cultyral National Park Plan -Focused on Kyungju National Park-. Kongju Natinal Univ. Graduate School Dissertation for the Degree of Master, 46pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
34 Whittaker, R.H.(1956) Vegetation of the Great Smoky Mountains Ecological Monographs 26: 1-80.
35 Yi, P.I. and Y.K. Yi(2002) Temple Environmental Studies. Silla Council, 316pp. (in Korean)
36 Yi, Y.K. and S.H. Choi(2000) Vegetation Structure Analysis of Urban Forest -The Case of Namsan in Kyungju-. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 80: 13-24. (in Korean with English abstract)
37 You, J.H., S.J. Mun and W.S. Lee(2011) Management Plan and Vascular Plants of the Hwarang District in Gyeongju National Park. Journal Korean of Restoration Technology 14(5): 17-35. (in Korean with English abstract)