[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

The Efficiency and Improvement of the Highway Wild-Life Fences for Decrease of Mammals Road-kill - In Case of Manjong~Hongchun Section on Jungang Highway -

Song, Jeong-Seok (Korea Expressway Corporation)
Lee, Kyong-Jae (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, College of Urban Science, Univ. of Seoul)
Ki, Kyong-Seok (Urban Ecology Research Center)
Jun, Ik-Yo (Korea Expressway Corporation)

Publication Information

Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.25, no.5, 2011 , pp. 649-657 More about this Journal

Abstract

This study had targeted the Manjong Junction~Hongchun interchange section of Jungang highway in order to analyze the efficiency and improvement of the highway wild-life fences. Being analyzed wild-life fence as an effective facility for the prevention of road-kill, it had founded that the wild animals did not jump over even the two layer guardrail, concrete barrier and noise barrier, fence for rock fall. For the section with high road-kill decrease effect after installing the wild-life fence, the effect was higher at wild-life fence with the height of 1.0m where the door had not been installed and the well connected points of road facility than the area with fence height of 1.5m. The road-kill decrease effect was also high at the well managed areas even if the door has not been installed. Also, road-kill had occurred by concentrating around the end of wild-life fence after installing the fence, Moreover road-kill had also occurred around the cutting section. The door of wild-life fence had higher amount of road-kill occurrence as the installation interval was closer. it was analyzed that the door management has a lot of effect on road-kill decrease. The fence for rock fall, two layer guardrail and concrete barrier having the effect of wild-life fence installed on the road would have to be installed by connecting with wild-life fences through proper facility improvement. Although the door should not be installed if possible, it should be installed as automatic door or gravity door to prevent the door from leaving the door open. An escape route has to be formed for the prompt escape away from the road for the animals entered through the ending section of the fence. The eco-corridor has to be made by restoring the soil layer of dual purpose eco-corridor forming a planting area. Also, the dead body after the accident has to be disposed to the outer section of the road immediately in order to prevent the secondary road-kill by the predator from the road-kill. The fence has to be installed as 500m or longer in both ways, in other words 1,000m or longer, from the targeted spot of minimum accident prevention while connecting up to the bridge or box culvert, etc that are next road facilities if possible to guide wild animals safely to the eco-corridor.

본 연구는 고속도로 야생동물 유도울타리 설치효과를 분석하여 적정한 유도울타리 설치 개선 및 관리방안을 제시하고자 중앙고속도로 만종분기점~홍천나들목구간을 대상으로 수행하였다. 고속도로에 설치된 유도울타리는 포유류의 도로침입 방지효과가 있었으며, 방음벽, 낙석방지울타리, 2단 가드레일과 분리방호벽도 로드킬 예방에 효과적인 시설이었다. 유도울타리의 로드킬 저감 효과는 출입문이 설치된 높이 1.5m의 울타리보다 출입문이 설치되지 않은 높이 1.0m 구간이 로드킬 감소효과가 높아 출입문의 유무가 로드킬 저감에 중요한 요인으로 판단되었다. 또한 도로시설물의 연결지점에서 로드킬 저감 효과가 컸으며 출입문이 있더라도 관리가 잘되는 지역도 로드킬 감소효과가 높았다. 유도울타리는 설치연장이 증가함에 따라 로드킬 감소율이 높았다. 유도울타리 끝 부분과 절토부 주변은 로드킬에 취약하여 이에 대한 개선이 요구되었다. 울타리 유지관리용 출입문은 설치간격이 가까울수록 로드킬 발생량이 높아 출입문 관리가 로드킬 저감에 효과가 많은 것으로 판단되었다. 고속도로 유도울타리 설치 개선방안은 암반의 급경사 지역 외에 모두 설치되어야 하고, 도로상의 낙석방지책, 2단 가드레일, 방호벽 등은 적정 시설개선을 통해 유도울타리로 연결 설치되어야 한다. 출입문을 설치할 경우 자동개폐식 또는 중력개폐식으로 설치하여 개방을 방지하고 야생동물 탈출로가 조성이 되어야 한다. 겸용생물이동통로는 토양층 복원이나 식생공간을 조성하여 생물이동통로화 하여야하며 로드킬로 포식자에 의한 2차 로드킬을 막기 위해 사고난 사체는 즉시 도로외부로 처리가 되어야 한다. 울타리는 최소 사고예방 목표지점으로부터 양방향 500m 이상 즉 1,000m 이상 설치되어야 하며 가급적 다음 도로시설인 교량, 통로박스 등까지 연결하여 야생동물을 생물이동통로로 안전하게 유도하여야 한다.

Keywords

WILD ANIMAL TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; ECO-CORRIDOR; WILD-LIFE FENCE; KOREAN WATER DEER(Hydropotes inermis); ENDEMIC SPECIES;

Citations & Related Records

Reference

1	Song, J.S.(2009) A Study on the Road-kill Decrease Effect of Mammals Followed by Installation of Highway Wild-life Fences - The Case of Manjong-Hongchun Section on Jungang Highway -. Thesis for the Degree of Master, Graduate School, Urban Science University of Seoul, 112pp. (in Korean with English summary)
2	Ward, A.L.(1982) Mule deer behavior in relation to fencing and underpasses on Interstate 80 in Wyoming. Transportation Research Record 859: 8-13.
3	Daegu Regional Environmental Office(2006) Wild-life Road-kill Survey Report. Daegu Regional Environmental Office, 120pp. (in Korean)
4	European Union COST 341(2003) Wildlife and Traffic: A European Handbook for Identifying Conflicts and Designing Solutions. European Commission Action 341 on "Habitat Fragmentation due to Transportation Infrastructure", KNNV Publishing, 176pp.
5	Fraser, D. and E.R. Thomas(1982) Moose-vehicle accidents in Ontario: relation to highway salt. Wild. Soc. Bull. 10: 261-265.
6	Finder, R.A., J.L. Roseberry and A. Woolf(1999) Site and landscape conditions at white-tailed deer/vehicle collision locations in Illinois. Landscape and Urban Planning 44: 77- 85. DOI ScienceOn
7	Forman, R. and L.E. Alexander(1998) Roads and their major ecological effects. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 29: 207-231. DOI ScienceOn
8	Forman, R.T., D. Sperling, J.H. Bissonette, A.P. Cleveger, C.D. Cutshall, V.H. Dale, L. Fahrig, R. France, C.R. Goldman, K. Heanue, J.A. Jones, F.J. Swanson, T. Turrentime and T.C. Winter(2003) Road Ecology, Science and Solutions. Island Press, 504pp.
9	Lavsund, S. and F. Sandegren(1991) Moose-vehicle relations in Sweden: a review. Alces 27: 118-126.
10	Mader, H.J.(1984) Animal habitat isolation by roads and agricultural fields. Biol. Consery. 29(1): 81-96. DOI ScienceOn
11	Ministry of Environment(2007) Management Model of Road Type and Animal Species by Analysis of Wildlife Habitat Interruption and a Cause of Road-kill. Ministry of Envirnoment, 245pp. (in Korean)
12	Park, S.S.(2007) Decrease Scheme for Wildlife Road-kill on Highway. Thesis for the Degree of Master, Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, 84pp. (in Korean with English summary)
13	Putman R.J., J. Langbein and B.W. Staines(2004) Deer and road traffic accidents: A review of mitigation measures: costs and cost-effectiveness. Report for the Deer Commission for Scotland contract RP23A. Deer Commission for Scotland, 96pp.
14	Rheindt, F.E.(2003) The impact of roads on birds: Does song frequency play a role in determining susceptibility to noise pollution? Journal of Omithology 144: 295-306.
15	Rodriguez, A., G. Crema and M. Delibes(1996) Use of non-wildlife passages across a high speed railway by terrestrial vertebrates. Journal of Applied Ecology 33: 1527-1540. DOI ScienceOn
16	Clevenger, A.P., B. Chruszczc and K.E. Gunsonc(2003) Spatial patterns and factors influencing small vertebrate fauna road-kill aggregations. Biological Conservation 109: 15-26. DOI ScienceOn
17	Brotons, L. and S. Herrando(2001) Reduced bird occurrence in pine forest fragments associated with road proximity in a Mediterranean agricultural area. Landscape and Urban Planning 57: 77-89. DOI ScienceOn
18	Child, K.N.(1998) Incidental mortality. In: Franzmann, A.W., Schwarts, C.C.(Eds.), Ecology and Management of the North American Moose. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, pp. 275-285.
19	Choi, T.Y.(2007) Road-Kill Mitigation Strategies for Mammals in Korea: Data Based on Surveys of Road-kill, Non-wildlife Passage Use, and home-range. Seoul National University Graduate School Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor, 200pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
20	Clevenger, A.P., K. Gunson and B. Chruszcz(2001) Highway mitigation fencing reduces wildlife-vehicle collisions. Wildlife Society Bulletin 29, pp. 646-653.