Browse > Article

Marine Algal Flora and Community Structure of Gogunsan Islands outside the Saemangeum Dike  

Kim, Ju-Hee (Dept. of Marine biotechnology, Kunsan Nat'l Univ.)
Ko, Yong-Deok (Dept. of Marine biotechnology, Kunsan Nat'l Univ.)
Kim, Young-Sik (Dept. of Marine biotechnology, Kunsan Nat'l Univ.)
Nam, Ki-Wan (Dept. of Marine biology, Pukyong Nat'l Univ.)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.25, no.2, 2011 , pp. 156-165 More about this Journal
Abstract
It is selected seven sites for marine algal flora and community structure and investigated seasonally from December 2008 to November 2009 in Gogunsan Islands, the west coast of Korea. A total of 58 species including 10 green, 16 brown and 32 red algae were collected and identified. Among these species, 11 species were found throughout the year. Annual mean biomass in dry weight were 213.8 g $m^{-2}$ at Sinsido 1, 143.1 g $m^{-2}$ at Sinsido 2, 133.3 g $m^{-2}$ at Sinsido 3, 164.0 g $m^{-2}$ at Munyeodo, 116.9 g $m^{-2}$ at Seonyudo, and 145.1 g $m^{-2}$ at Jangjado. Maximum biomass was recorded in Sinsido 1, and minimum mean biomass was Sinsido 4. The dominant species based on biomass were Sargassum thunbergii, Ulva pertusa, Sargassum fusiforme and Corallina pilulifera. S. thunbergii was the representative alga occurred at all seasons. The flora investigated could be classified into six functional groups such as coarsely branched form (46.6%), filamentous form (27.6%), sheet form (17.2%), thick leathery form (3.4%), jointed calcareous form (3.4%) and crustose form (1.7%). The R/P, C/P and (R+C)/P value reflecting flora characteristics were 0.33~0.75, 1.11~2.50, 1.47~3.25, respectively. Diversity index (H') and dominance index (DI) indicated that stability of seaweed community of Gogunsan Islands was unstable and environmental conditions were bad. According to multidimensional scaling (MDS) and cluster analysis, Gogunsan Islands were divided into three distinct groups. The first group was Sinsido 2, Sinsido 3, Seonyudo and Muyeodo and the second group comprised Sinsido 1 and Jangjado and the other was Sinsido 4 due to meaningful difference in similarity.
Keywords
SEAWEED; BIOMASS; DOMINANT SPECIES; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; MDS (MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING);
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Clarke, K.R. and R.M. Warwick(2001) Change in Marine Communities: An Approach to Statistical Analysis and Interpretation. (2nd ed.), PRIMER-E, Plymouth, 170pp.
2 Druehl, L.D.(1966) Vertical distribution of some benthic marine algae in British Colombia lnlet, as related to some environmental factors. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 24: 3-46.
3 SERC(2003) Study on ecological change of Saemangeum near-shore area and reclaimed land(I), Saemangeum Environmental Research Center, Gunsan Nat'l. Univ., 19-24pp. (in Korean)
4 Shannon, C.E. and W. Weaver(1963) The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illionis Press, Urbana.
5 Simpson, E.H.(1949) Measurement of diversity. Nature 163: 688.   DOI
6 Song, H.S., K.S. Seo and S.M. Boo(1996) Field studies of the brown alga Pelvetia siliquosa with implications for taxonomy and distribution. Algae 11:65-71.
7 Tseng, C.K.(1994) Selected works of C.K. Tseng. Oceanic Pub., pp. 272-282.
8 Wildowson, T.B.(1965) A survey of the distribution of intertidal algae along a coast transitional in respect to salinity and tidal factors. J. Fish. Tes. Bd. Canada 22: 1425-1454.   DOI
9 RKOHA(1989) Sailing Directions of Coast in Korea (Sea of West Coast). Republic of Korea Office of the Hydrographic Affairs, 271pp. (in Korean)
10 RKOHA(1995) A Tide Table. Republic of Korea Office of the Hydrographic Affairs, 250pp. (in Korean)
11 Russell, B.D., J.I. Thompson, L.J. Fakenberg and S.D. Connel(2009) synergistic effects of climate change and local stressors: $CO_{2}$ and nutrient-driven change in subtidal rocky habitats. Glo. Cha. Biol. 15: 2153-2162.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Saito, Y. and S. Atobe(1970) Phytosociological study of intertidal marine algae. 1. Usujiri Benten-Jima Hokkaido. Bull. Fac. Fish. Hokkaido Univ. 21: 37-69.
13 Saito, Y., K. Taniguchi, S. Atobe and S. Nakamura(1971) Phytosociological study of the intertidal marine algae. III. The algal communities on the vertical substratum face on several directions. Jap. J. Ecol. 20: 230-232.
14 Park, Y.K., K.S. Seo and C.K. Choi(2006) Environmental Biology. Daehakseolim. (in Korean)
15 Segawa, S.(1956) Coloured Illustrations of the Seaweeds of Japan. Hoikusha Publ. Co. Osaka.
16 Orfanidis, S.P. Panayotidis and N. Stamatis(2001) Ecological evaluation of transitional and coastal and water; A marine benthic macrophytes-based model. Medit. Mar. Sci. 2: 45-65.
17 Park, C.S., M.Y. Wee and E.K. Hwang(2007) Summer algal flora of uninhabited in Dochodo, southwestern coast of Korea. Algae 22: 305-311. (in Korean)   DOI
18 Oh, B.G. and H.B. Lee(1998) Marine algal flora and community of Uihang in Tae-an Peninsula, western coast of Korea. Korean J. Environ. Biol. 16: 181-192. (in Korean)
19 Choi, C.G. (2007) Algal flora and Ecklonia stolonifera Okamura (Lminariaceae) population of Youngo in Busan, Korea. Algae 22: 313-318. (in Korean)   DOI
20 MFAFF and KRCC(2008) Ecological changes in the Saemangeum water and reclaimed land areas(IV). Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and Korea Rural Community Corporation, 7pp. (in Korean)
21 MAFF and JB(1994) Study on compensation on actual state of fisheries demage. Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and Jeonla Buk-do, pp. 341-394. (in Korean)
22 Levine H.G.(1984) The use of seaweeds for monitoring coastal waters. In algae as ecological indicators, L. E. Shubert (ed.). Academic Press, New York 189-210 pp.
23 Choi, C.G. and H.S. Rho(2010) Marine algal community of Ulsan, on the eastern coast of Korea. Kor. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43: 246-253. (in Korean)
24 Choi, H.G.(2008) Effects of thermal effluents from Wolseong nuclear power plant on macroalgal composition and community structure. Algae 23: 151-162. (in Korean)   DOI
25 Cheney, D.P.(1977) R&C/P-A new and improved ratio for comparing seaweed floras. Suppl. J. Phycol. 13: 129.
26 Lee, S.W.(1992) The Maritime of Coast of Korea. Jib-mun-dang, 334pp. (in Korean)
27 Lee, W.J., H.S. Yoon and S. M. Boo(1997a) Marine algal community of Gyonggiman islets on the west sea of Korea. Algae 12: 139-144. (in Korean)
28 Lobban, C.S. and P.J. Harrison(1994) Seaweed Ecology and Physiology. Cambridge Univ. Press, N.Y., 366pp.
29 Atobe, S. and Saito Y.(1974) Phytosociological study of the intertidal marine algae. III. Effect of wave action on algal zonation. Bull. Fac. Fish. Hokkaido Univ. 24: 133-138.
30 Littler M.M. and D.S. Littler(1984) Relationships between macroalgal functional form groups and substrate stability in a subtropical rocky intertidal system. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 74: 13-34.   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Lee, H.B. and R.H. Chang(1989) A qualitative and quantitative analysis of seasonal change of an algal community at Padori of Tae-an peninsula, west coast of Korea. Algae 4: 19-40. (in Korean)
32 Lee, J.W.(1983) Studies on the benthic marine algal flora and community, mid-western coast of Korea I. Summer marine algal flora and community of Maryang ri, Gogunsan Islands and Eocheong do. Bull. Gunsan Fish. J. Coll. 17: 93-106. (in Korean)
33 Lee, J.W., B.G. Oh and H.B. Lee(1997b) Marine algal flora and community of Podori area in the Taean peninsula, the west coast of Korea. Algae 12: 131-138. (in Korean)
34 KRCC(2006) Study on ecological change of Saemangeum near-shore area and reclaimed land(III). Korea Rural Community Corporation, pp. 7-50. (in Korean)
35 Brattstrom, H.(1980) Rocky-shore zonation in the Santa Marta area, Colombia. Sarsia 65: 163-226.   DOI
36 Lee, J.W., B.G. Oh and H.B. Lee(2000) Marine benthic algal community at Padori, west coast of Korea. Algae 15 : 111-117. (in Korean)
37 Lee, G.H, H.I. Yoo and H.G. Choi(2007). Seasonal community structure and vertical distribution of medicinal seaweeds at Kkotji in Taean peninsula, Korea. Algae 22: 209-219. (in Korean)   DOI
38 Kim, Y.S.(1997) Physiological study on growth and reproduction of the Korean Gracilaria verrucosa(Rhodophyta). Ph. D. Thesis, Pukyong National Univ. pp. 1-6. (in Korean)
39 Koh, C.H. and H.B. Lee(1982) Distributional Pattern of Macroalgae in coast of Deogjeog Isladns. The Korean National Council for Conservation of Nature 1: 227-248. (in Korean)
40 Koh, C.H.(1983) Community structure and productivity of phytobenthos in Juckdo(eastern coast of Korea). II. Seasonal changes of algal vegetation in relation to annual growth of large brown algae. Korean J. Bot., 26: 181-190. (in Korean)
41 KHOA(2011) Temperature, salinity data of coast. Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Administration. http://www. khoa.go.kr
42 Kang, P.J. Y.S. Kim and K.W. Nam(2008) Flora and community structure of benthic marine algae in Ilkwang Bay, Korea. Algae 23: 1-10. (in Korean)   DOI
43 Kim, Y.H.(1994) Seaweed distribution of southeastern Yellow Sea. Yellow Sea Reserch 6: 131-150. (in Korean)
44 Kim, Y.H., H.J. Yoon and J.S. Yoo(1995) Species composition and biomass of marine algal community on the mid-western coast of Korea. J. Plant Biol. 38(4): 389-398. (in Korean)
45 Kim, Y.S. and J.W. Lee(2001) Summer marine algal flora and vertical distribution at 13 uninhabited Islands near Gogunsangundo and Wido, western coast of Korea. Bull. Coastal Res., Kunsan National Univ. 13(1): 21-32. (in Korean)
46 IRCMA(2009) Consultation on the coastal utilization on construction work across road Gogunsan Islands. Iksan Regional Construction Management Administration. (in Korean)
47 Kang, J.W., C.H. Sohn and C.W. Lee(1980) Summer algal flora of Gogunsan Islands, western coast of Korea. The report of the KACN 16: 103-107. (in Korean)
48 Kapraun, D.F.(1980) Summer aspects of algal zonation on a Texas Jetty in relation to wave exposure. Mar. Sci. 23: 101-109.
49 Haglund K., M. Bjorklund, S. Gunnare, A. Sandberg, U. Olander and M. Pedersen(1996) New method for toxicity assessment in marine and brackish environments using the macroalga Gracilaira tenuistipitata(Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). Hydrobiologia 326/327: 317-325.   DOI
50 Feldmann, J.(1937) Recherches sur la vegetation marine de la Miditerranee. La cote des Alveres. Rev. Algol. 10: 1-339.