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Phylogeny and Conservation of the Genus Bupleurum in Northeast Asia with Special Reference to B. latissimum, Endemic to Ulleung Island in Korea  

Ahn, Jin-Kab (Division of Biological Sciences, Chonbuk National University)
Lee, Hee-Cheon (Division of Biological Sciences, Chonbuk National University)
Kim, Chul-Hwan (Division of Biological Sciences, Chonbuk National University)
Lim, Dong-Ok (Dept. of Life Science, Honam Univ.)
Sun, Byooog-Yoon (Division of Biological Sciences, Chonbuk National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.22, no.1, 2008 , pp. 18-34 More about this Journal
Abstract
Based on external morphology, each of five species can be classified into three groups: 1) B. falcatum group (B. falcatum, B. scorzonerifolium), 2) B. euphorbioides group (B. euphorbioides) and 3) B. longiradiatum group (B. longiradiatum, B. latissimum). B. falcatum group has cauline leaves linear or lanceolate in shape and attenuate at base and not surrounding the stem. In contrast, B. longiradiatum group and B. euphorbioides group have cauline leaves ovate, lanceolate or panduriform in shape and auriculate or cordate at base and completely surrounding the stem. The inflorescence is basically compound umbels terminated at the apex of stem. But B. euphorbioides group is small in size and pedicels are rather short and the number of the pedicel is ca. 20. On the other hand, B. longiradiatum and B. falcatum groups are large in size and their pedicels are long and the number of the pedicel is around 10. The pore of pollen aperture of B. longiradiatum and B. latissimum is partially projected or not while those of B. falcatum group and B. euphorbioides is usually remarkably projected. The number of somatic chromosomes was counted as 2n=20 in B. falcatum, 2n=12 in B. scorzonerifolium and B. longiradiatum, and 2n=16 in B. euphorbioides and B. latissimum. Although chromosome numbers of B. euphorbioides and B. latissimum are the same, the two species are not likely to relate because the karyotypes of the two species are different from each other. Based on these observations, it can be concluded that B. latissimum is most closely related to B. longiradiatum. However, molecular data indicated that the species is probably related to B. bicaule distributed in central Siberia. In terms of conservation of B. latissimum, overexploitation by human and grazing by goat are most threatened factors.
Keywords
BUPLEURUM PHYLOGENY; EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY; POLLEN; CHROMOSOME; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY;
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