Browse > Article

Seed Dispersion and Seedling Spatial Distribution of the Tree of Heaven in Urban Environments  

조치웅 (삼육대학교 원예학과)
이경재 (서울시립대학교 도시과학대학)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.16, no.1, 2002 , pp. 87-93 More about this Journal
Abstract
The tree of heaven naturalized plant grows in the various habitats of the city. The principal reason is that it is reproduced not only through sexual reproduction but through asexual reproduction. By the spreading of sucker and a bud appearance of the seed it forms a group easily inside the city habitat. The distribution of seed and spreading of the seedlings of the tree of heaven were investigated like the followings. As the result of the sexual reproduction by the seed and hangs in cluster farm, 350 individuals are germinated at the Namsan the best environment, and 50 individuals at Toegyewon Rotary These seeds are dispersed by the effect of wind and geographical factor. Because the northwest wind is blowing mainly from late autumn to early spring, it is dispersed in the south. In Toegyewon Rotary, a slant site, is dispersed mainly by down the site. Compared with width of crown, the seedling of a seed germination are distributed outside more than inside the crown and the seed is spreaded until the maximum 7.5 times of crown width at the investigated area. 1 year seedlings appeared as a group at the place of 2-4 times of the crown (in 20m from the crown, 75% distribution). Considering the distribution by the seed scattering of the tree of heaven, there is a possibility of sudden individual increase even in the deteriorated city environment. So this possibility shows that we need to consider the protection of the city soil, and the species variety decrease resulted from the successful competition to the other species.
Keywords
NATURALIZED PLANT; URBAN HABITATS; SEEDLINGS; SUCKERING; SEXUAL PROPAGATION;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Little, S.(1974) the tree of heaven(Mill) Swingle. pp. 201-202. Seed of Woody Plants in the United States. In: USDA Agri. Handbook. U. S. Dept. Agri.450
2 Beatty, R. A. and Heckman, C T.(1980/1981) Survey of Urban Tree Programs in the United States. Urban Ecol. 5 : 81-102   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Himelick, E. B.(1976) Diseases Stresses of Urban Trees, J. Santamour, H. D. Gerhold and S. Little(Editors) pp. 113-125. Better Trees for Metropolitan Landscapes, Symposium Proceedings, USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech RNE-22
4 Jamison, G. M. and Korstian, C F.(1944) Loblolly Pine Seed Production and Dispersal. J. Forest 42 : 734-741
5 Boyer, C(1958) Longleaf Pine Seed Dispersal in South Alabama.. J. Forest. 56: 265-268
6 Elizabeth Pan and Nina Bassuk(1986) Establishment and Distribution of Ailanthus altissima in the Urban Environment
7 Illick, J. S. and Brouse, E. F.(1926) The Ailanthus tree in Pennsylvania. Pa. Dept. For
8 Beyer, W. N.(1975) Types of Seed Dispersal: Their Effects on Species Diversity of Trees. Amer. Naturalist 109: 103-104   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Gladstone, E. D.(1979) Description of a Seed Shadow of a Wind - Dispersed Tropical Tree. Brenesia 16 : 81-86
10 Burrows, F. M. et al. Wind Borne Seed and Fruit Movement. New Phytol. 75: 405-418   DOI   ScienceOn