Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5668/JEHS.2018.44.1.1

The Effect on Visibility of the Chemical Composition of Fine Particles in the Gwangju Area  

Jung, Sun-A (Department of air Quality Research, Climate and Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, University)
Lim, Cheol-Soo (Department of air Quality Research, Climate and Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, University)
Jo, Mi-Ra (Department of air Quality Research, Climate and Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, University)
Lee, Sang-Bo (Department of air Quality Research, Climate and Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, University)
Kim, Jung-Soo (Department of air Quality Research, Climate and Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, University)
Shin, Eun-Sang (Department of Bio & Environmental Health, Dongnam Health University)
Publication Information
Journal of Environmental Health Sciences / v.44, no.1, 2018 , pp. 1-14 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the main cause of visibility impairment by analyzing the contributions of the light extinction coefficient of major air pollution components and the change of the light extinction coefficient by relative humidity. Methods: The characteristics of the light extinction coefficient calculated by the photochemical method using fine particle component data measured in 2015 in the Gwangju area were examined. Results: The extinction efficiency per unit mass of $PM_{2.5}$ particles was $4.5m^2/g$ and that of $PM_{10-2.5}$ particles was $0.6m^2/g$. This difference indicates that most of the visibility impairment in Gwangju was caused by $PM_{2.5}$ particles. When visibility was poor, the contribution of ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate was significantly increased. Relative humidity was also a major cause of visibility decay. The influx of air currents in Gwangju was mostly caused by the long distance movement of pollutants emitted from the eastern part of China. Ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate, which are hygroscopic secondary contaminants, were the main causative agents of visibility impairment. Conclusions: Ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate were the main causative agents of visibility impairment in Gwangju. The influx of air currents in Gwangju was mostly caused by the long distance movement of pollutants emitted from the eastern part of China.
Keywords
visibility; fine particle; light extinction coefficient; secondary hygroscopic particles; relative humidity;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 7  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kim MS. Affecting Factors on Variations and Longtrends of the Atmospheric Visibility in the Metropolitan Area of Taegu, Journal of Korea Society of Environmental Administration, 1998; 4(2): 97-107.
2 Andreae MO, Rosenfeld D. Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions. Part 1. The Nature and Sources of Cloud-Active Aerosols, Earth-Science Reviews, 2008; 89: 13-41.   DOI
3 Lee HS. Hospital visits, admissions and hospital costs among patients with respiratory and cardiovas cular diseases according to particulate matter in Seoul, Korean Journal of Environmental Health sciences. 2016; 42(5): 324-332.   DOI
4 Lee HS. Hospital visits, admissions and hospital costs among patients with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases according to particulate matter in Seoul, Korean Journal of Environmental Health sciences. 2016; 42(5): 324-332.   DOI
5 Jacob DJ, Winner DA, Effect of Climate Change on Air Quality, Atmos. Environ., 2008; 108: 1-19.
6 Andreae MO, Jones CD, Cox PM, Strong Presentday Aerosol Cooling implies a Hot future, Nature, 2005; 435: 1187-1190.   DOI
7 Zhuang GS, Yi Z, Duce RA, Brown PR. Link between Iron and Sulfur Cycles suggested by Detection of Fe(II) in Remote Marine Aerosols, Nature, 1992; 355(6360): 537-539.   DOI
8 Kim GW, Kim YJ. Opto-Chemical Characteristics of Visibility Impairment Using Semi-Continuous Aerosol Monitoring in an Urban Area during Summertime, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 2003; 19(6): 647-661.
9 Husar RB, Wilson WE. Haze and sulfur emission trends in the Eastern United States, Environ. Sci. & Tech., 1993; 27(1): 12-16.   DOI
10 Kim GW. Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Visibility Impairment in a National Park Area, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 2009; 25(4): 325-338.   DOI
11 Kim YJ, Kim KW, Oh SJ. Seasonal characteristics of haze observed by continuous visibility monitoring in the urban atmosphere of Kwangju, Korea, Environ. Monitor. Assess, 2001; 70: 35-46.   DOI
12 Kim YS, Lee SH, Kim JY, Moon GJ, Kim YP. Visibility variations in Korea in the 1980s and 1990s, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 2002; 18(6): 503-514.
13 National institute of environmental research, A Study on visibility and smog phenomena in Seoul metropolitan area (1); 1994.
14 Park SS, Kim SJ, Gong BJ, Lee GH, Choi SY, Kim JC, et al. Investigation on a Haze Episode of Fine Particulate Matter using Semi-continuous Chemical Composition Data, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 2013; 29(5): 642-655.   DOI
15 Waggner AP, Weiss RE, Ahlquist NC, Coaert DS, Will S, Charlson RJ. Optical characteristic of atmospheric aerosol, Atmos. Environ., 1981; 15(10): 1891-1909.   DOI
16 Witting AE, Takahama S, Khlystov AY, Pandis SN, Hering S, Kirby B, et al. Semi-continuous $PM_{2.5}$ inorganic composition measurements during the Pittsburgh air quality study, Atmospheric Environment. 2004; 38(20): 3201-3213.   DOI
17 Yu GH, Cho ST, Bae MS, Lee KH, Park SS. Investigation of $PM_{2.5}$ Pollution Episodes in Gwangju, J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ., 2015; 31(3): 269-286.   DOI
18 Park SS, Kim YJ Fung K. $PM_{2.5}$ carbon measurements in two urban areas: Seoul and Kwangju, Korea, Atmospheric Environment, 2002; 36: 1287- 1297.   DOI
19 Park SS, Jung SA, Gong BJ, Cho SY, Lee SJ. Characteristics of $PM_{2.5}$ haze episodes revealed by highly time-resolved measurements at an air pollution monitoring Supersite in Korea, Areosol and Air Quality Research, 2013; 13: 957-976.
20 Park JY, Lim HJ. Characteristics of Water Soluble Ions in Fine Particles during the Winter and Spring in Daegu, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 2006; 22(5): 627-641.
21 Eun SH, Nam HG, Kim BG, Park JS, Ahn JY, Lee SJ. An Analysis of the characteristics of aerosol light scattering coefficients at Seoul and Baengnyeongdo, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 2013; 29(6): 264-274.   DOI
22 Hoppel WA, Fitzgerald JW, Frick GM, Larson RE, Mack EJ. Aerosol size distributions and optical properties found in the marine boundary layer over the Atlantic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 1990; 95(D4): 3659-3686.   DOI
23 Park JS, Park SM, Song IH, Shin HJ, Hong YD, Characteristics of Visibility Impairment by Semi- Continuous Optical and Chemical Property Monitoring of Aerosols in Seoul, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 2015; 31(4): 319-329.   DOI
24 Malm WC, Molenar JV, Eldred RA, Sisler JF. Examinig the relationship among atmospheric aerosols and light scattering and extinction in the Grand Canyon area, J. Geophys. Res., 1996; 101: 19251- 19265.   DOI
25 Turpin BJ, Lim HJ. Species contributions to $PM_{2.5}$ mass concentrations: Revisiting common assumptions for estimating organic mass, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 2001; 35(1): 602-610.   DOI
26 Cho SH, Kim PR, Han YJ, Kim HW, Yi SM. Characteristics of Ionic and Carbonaceous Compounds in $PM_{2.5}$ and High Concentration Events in Chuncheon, Korea, J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ., 2016; 32(4): 435-447.   DOI
27 Anderson TL, Covert DS, Marshall SF. Laucks ML, Charlson RJ. Waggoner AP, et al. Performance characteristics of a high-sensitivity, three wavelength, total scatter/backscatter nephelometer, Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 1996; 13: 967-986.   DOI