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http://dx.doi.org/10.5668/JEHS.2010.36.2.108

Characteristics of Ambient Particulate Matter in Gwangju  

Seo, Gwang-Yeob (Environmental Research Department, Public Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju)
Kim, Seung-Ho (Environmental Research Department, Public Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju)
Lee, Kyoung-Seok (Environmental Research Department, Public Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju)
Min, Kyoung-Woo (Environmental Research Department, Public Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju)
Seo, Hee-Jeong (Environmental Research Department, Public Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju)
Kang, Yeong-Ju (Environmental Research Department, Public Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju)
Paik, Ke-Jin (Environmental Research Department, Public Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju)
Moon, Young-Woon (Environmental Research Department, Public Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju)
Shin, Dae-Yewn (Department of Environmental Engineering Chosun University)
Publication Information
Journal of Environmental Health Sciences / v.36, no.2, 2010 , pp. 108-117 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, ambient particulate matter ($PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$) levels were measured and their chemical and physical properties were characterized. Two sites in Gwangju were sampled once a month from December 2008 to November 2009. The annual mean concentrations of $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ were $26.9\;{\mu}g/m^3$ and $46.3\;{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively, in Nongseongdong and $26.1\;{\mu}g/m^3$ and $44.8\;{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively, in Duam-dong. $PM_{2.5}$ levels were 1.8 times higher than the USA Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) national ambient air quality standard for $PM_{2.5}$ ($15\;{\mu}g/m^3$). The average $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ ratio of 0.58 suggested that $PM_{2.5}$ is a significant component of the ambient particle pollution. The order of concentration of metallic elements in $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ was Si > Al > Fe > Zn > Pb > Cu > Mn. Cd was not detected. The earth crustal enrichment factors for Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn in $PM_{2.5}$ were higher than those in $PM_{10}$. When the earth crustal enrichment factors for Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn were higher than 10, this suggested influence from anthropogenic sources. The soil contribution ratios for $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ were 11.3% and 16.4%, respectively, and were higher in the fall and winter. Anions (${SO_4}^{-2}$, ${NO_3}^-$, and $Cl^-$) comprise 28.7% of $PM_{2.5}$ and 21.4% of $PM_{10}$. The correlation coefficient of Zn-Fe, Mn-Cu, Fe-Cu and Fe-Mn in $PM_{2.5}$ was high in the sampling sites, and metallic elements were primarily from anthropogenic sources such as fuel combustion and vehicle emissions.
Keywords
$PM_{2.5}$; $PM_{10}$; crustal enrichment factor; soil contribution ratio; metallic element; anion;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
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