Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7846/JKOSMEE.2013.16.1.1

Algorithm Implementation for Detection and Tracking of Ships Using FMCW Radar  

Hong, Dan-Bee (Department of Marine Environmental System Science, University of Science & Technology)
Yang, Chan-Su (Department of Marine Environmental System Science, University of Science & Technology)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy / v.16, no.1, 2013 , pp. 1-8 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study focuses on a ship detection and tracking method using Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar used for horizontal surveillance. In general, FMCW radar can play an important role in maritime surveillance, because it has many advantages such as low warm-up time, low power consumption, and its all weather performance. In this paper, we introduce an effective method for data and signal processing of ship's detecting and tracking using the X-band radar. Ships information was extracted using an image-based processing method such as the land masking and morphological filtering with a threshold for a cycle data merged from raw data (spoke data). After that, ships was tracked using search-window that is ship's expected rectangle area in the next frame considering expected maximum speed (19 kts) and interval time (5 sec). By using this method, the tracking results for most of the moving object tracking was successful and those results were compared with AIS (Automatic Identification System) for ships position. Therefore, it can be said that the practical application of this detection and tracking method using FMCW radar improve the maritime safety as well as expand the surveillance coverage cost-effectively. Algorithm improvements are required for an enhancement of small ship detection and tracking technique in the future.
Keywords
FMCW radar; Ship detection; Ship tracking; AIS;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Corda, S., and Bell, G., December 2009, "NavRadar NRP Class Description", Technical Paper of Navico Auckland Limited.
2 Benfold, B. and Reid, I., June 2011, "Stable Multi-Target Tracking in Real-Time Surveillance Video", Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2011 IEEE Conference on, 3457-3464.
3 Chaturvedi, S.K., Yang, C.S., Ouchi, K., and Shanmugam, P., April 2012, "Ship Recognition by Integration of SAR and AIS", The Journal of Navigation, Vol.65, No.2, 323-337.   DOI
4 Corda, S., December 2009, "PPI Class Description", Technical Paper of Navico Auckland Limited.
5 EMSA, 2011, EMSA Annual Report.
6 Guerriero, M., Willett, P., Coraluppi, S., and Carthel, C., July 2008, "Radar/AIS Data Fusion and SAR Tasking for Maritime Surveillance", Information Fusionk, 2008 11th International Conference on, 1-5.
7 Hoseinnezhad, R., Vo, B.N., Vo, B.T., and Suter, D., October 2012, "Visual Tracking of Numerous Targets via Multi-Bernoulli Filtering of Image Data", Pattern Recognition, Vol.45, No.10, 3625-3635.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Hwang, S.K., 2007, IT EXPERT Programing of Image Processing by Visual C++, Hanbit media, Inc., 778-779.
9 Inacio, F.R., and Raybaud, A., December 2007, "Multispectral Target Detection and Tracking for Seaport Video Surveillance", Proceedings of the Image and Vision Computing New Zealand, 169-174.
10 Khan, R., Gamberg, B., Power, D., Walsh, J., Dawe, B., Pearson, W., and Millan, D., October 1994, "Target Detection and Tracking with a High Frequency Ground Wave Radar", Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of, Vol.17, No.4, 540-548.
11 Kim, K.H., Ko, K.E., Kang, J.S., and Sim, K.B., February 2011, "Specified Object Tracking in an Environment of Multiple Moving Object using Particle Filter", Journal of Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems, Vol.21, 106-111.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Lee, D.J., August 2008, "Real-time Position Tracking of Traffic Ships by ARPA Radar and AIS in Busan Harbor, Korea", The Korean Society of Fisheries Technology, Vol.44, No.3, 229-238.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Mecocci, A., Benelli, G., Garzelli, A., and Bottalico, S., March 1995, "Radar Image Processing for Ship-Traffic Control", Image and Vision Computing, Vol.13, No.2, 119-128.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Mun, S.M., and Son, J.Y., May 2011, "Current Activities of Navigation & Communication Equipment Industry and R&D", Journal of the Korean society of marine engineering, Vol.35, No.4, 512-518.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Meng, L., and Kerekes, J.P., February 2012, "Object Tracking Using High Resolution Satellite Imagery", Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, IEEE Journal of, Vol.5, No.1, 146-152.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Seibert, M., Rhodes, B.J., Bomberger, N.A., Beane, P.O., and Srokal, J.J., April 2006, "SeeCoast Port Surveillance", Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 6204: Photonics for Port and Harbor Security II.
17 Yang, M., 2008, Context-aware and Attentional Visual Object Tracking, Ph.D. Dissertation, Northwestern University.
18 Stove, A.G., October 1992, "Linear FMCW Radar Technique", Radar and Signal Processing IEE PROCEEDINGS-F, Vol.139, No.5, 343-350.