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http://dx.doi.org/10.11614/KSL.2016.49.3.228

Construction of a Simple Bi-trophic Microcosm System Using Standard Test Species (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Daphnia magna) for Testing Chemical Toxicities  

Sakamoto, Masaki (Department of Environmental Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University)
Mano, Hiroyuki (Water Environment Research Group, Public Works Research Institute)
Hanazato, Takayuki (Institute of Mountain Science, Shinshu University)
Chang, Kwang-Hyeon (Center for Environmental Studies, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University)
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Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are receiving various harmful effects due to anthropogenic chemical pollutions. To protect wildlife, risk assessments of the chemicals are conducted using reference indexes of toxicity estimated by species-level laboratory tests and/or micro-/mesocosm community-level studies. However, the existing micro-/mesocosm communities are structurally too complicated, and it is also difficult to compare the experimental results directly with those from species-level tests. Here, we developed a procedure of a simple bi-trophic microcosm experiment which contains the common species (a green algae, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and a cladoceran, Daphnia magna) for testing chemical toxicities. For the proper operation of bitrophic microcosm experiment, the minimum required concentration of primary producer (P. subcapitata) is $5{\times}10^5cells\;mL^{-1}$. The microcosm system showed higher stability when the initially introduced D. magna population was composed of neonates (<24-h old) than adults and those mixture. This simple microcosm system would be an applicable tool to estimate the disturbing impacts of pollutants on plant-herbivore interactions, and linking the species- and population-/community level risk assessments in the future studies.
Keywords
toxicity test; risk assessment; population dynamics;
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