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Developmental Toxicity of Alkylphenols in Amphibians: A Review  

Park, Chan-Jin (Department of Life Science and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University)
Ahn, Hae-Sun (Department of Life Science and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University)
Ahn, Hyo-Min (Department of Life Science and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University)
Gye, Myung-Chan (Department of Life Science and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment / v.44, no.2, 2011 , pp. 103-112 More about this Journal
Abstract
Aquatic contamination by organic pollutants has been a suspected reason for rapid decrease of amphibian populations whose embryonic and larval stages are in an aquatic environment. Amphibian embryos can be a useful model to study the ecoctoxicologial impacts of aquatic pollutants. The obtained toxicological data are useful references for the management of aquatic pollutants in public health because amphibia share many developmental events with terrestrial vertebrates including humans. Safety guidelines for the toxicological effects of aquatic contaminants of chemicals identified as hazardous should be addressed at multiple endpoints. Alkylphenols have been widely-used in agricultural, industrial, and household activities; they contaminate and can persist in aquatic environments. Exposure to alkylphenols results in endocrine disruption in aquatic animals. In this review, we summarize the developmental toxicities of alkylphenols in amphibian embryos and larva according to the exposure route, chemical concentration, duration of exposure, and affected developmental stage together with mechanisms of toxicity and typical patterns of developmental abnormality. The merits of amphibian embryos as a toxicity test model for mid- to long-term exposure to aquatic pollutants are discussed proposed.
Keywords
developmental toxicity; alkylphenols; amphibia;
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