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Determining the Locations of Washland Candidates in the Four Major River Basins Using Spatial Analysis and Site Evaluation  

Jeong, Kwang-Seuk (Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University)
Shin, Hae-Su (Department of Geography Education, Pusan National University)
Jung, Ju-Chul (Department of Urban Engineering, Pusan National University)
Kim, Ik-Jae (Division of Water and Environment, Korea Environment Institute)
Choi, Jong-Yun (Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University)
Jung, In-Chul (Department of Geography Education, Pusan National University)
Joo, Gea-Jae (Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Abstract
In this study, a comprehensive exploration and evaluation of washland candidate locations by means of field monitoring as well as spatial analysis in six major river system (Han, Nakdong, Nam, Geum, Youngsan, and Seomjin Rivers). Washland(in other words, river detention basin) is an artificial wetland system which is connected to streams or rivers likely to riverine wetlands. Major purpose of washland creation is to control floodings, water supply and purification, providence of eco-cultural space to human and natural populations. Characteristics and functions of riverine wetlands can be expected as well, thus it is believed to be an efficient multi-purpose water body that is artificially created, in terms of hydrology and ecology. Geographical information and field monitoring results for the washland candidate locations were evaluated in 2009, with respect to optimal location exploration, ecosystem connectivity and educational-cultural circumstances. A total of $269\;km^2$ washland candidate locations were found from spatial analysis (main channel of Rivers South Han, 71.5; Nakdong 54.1; Nam, 2.3; Geum, 79.0; Youngsan 46.4; Seomjin 15.7), and they tended to be distributed in mid- to lower part of the rivers to which tributaries are confluent. Field monitoring at 106 sites revealed that some sites located in the Rivers Nam and Geum is appropriate for restoration or artificial creation as riverine wetlands. Several sites in the Nakdong and Seomjin Rivers were close to riverine wetlands (e.g., Upo), habitats of endangered species (e.g., otters), or adjacent to educational facility (e.g., museums) or cultural heritages (e.g., temples). Those sites can be utilized in hydrological, ecological, educational, and cultural ways when evidence of detailed hydrological evaluation is provided. In conclusion, determination of washland locations in the major river basins has to consider habitat expansion as well as hydrological function (i.e. flood control) basically, and further utility (e.g. educational function) will increase the values of washland establishment.
Keywords
washland; riverine wetlands; spatial analysis; South Han River; Nakdong River; Geum River; Youngsan River; Seomjin River;
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