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Effect of Ultrasound on the Growth and Short-term Behaviour of the Carp, Cyprinus carpio  

Yoon, Sung-Jin (Ecotoxicology Research Team, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
Yeom, Dong-Hyuk (Ecotoxicology Research Team, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
Kim, Woo-Keun (Ecotoxicology Research Team, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
Yun, Hong-Gil (Ecotoxicology Research Team, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
Lee, Sung-Kyu (Ecotoxicology Research Team, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
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Abstract
In this study, mortality, body wet weight, health assessment, and short-term behavioral mode were observed to determine the effects of ultrasound on the ecological response of the carp Cyprinus carpio. Mortality in the treatments was less than 5% during ultrasound exposure (31 dB re 1 ${\mu}Pa$, $14{\sim}15$ kHz) and there were no significant differences among the replicates (P>0.05). The treatments, based on mean wet weight, exhibited greater effect than the controls, but the magnitude of the differences was not large. Skins and tail fins of some test animals exposed to the controls and intensive treatment groups had light injury such as hemorrhaging, whereas, damages in other organs such as eyes, other fins, parasites, thymus, and gills were not observed (P>0.05). Sudden stimuli in low intensity at a short distance caused a directional avoidance of the fish from the sound. However, the carp exposed to ultrasound at the large scale field was not observed clear behavior changes. Overall results suggest that fish exposed to the low-intensity ultrasound had no serious stress during the tests.
Keywords
ultrasound; behavioral mode; ecological response; carp;
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