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Early Stage Performance of Constructed Wetland System for Nonpoint Source Pollution Control  

Kim, Hyung-Chul (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
Ham, Jong-Hwa (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University)
Han, Jung-Yoon (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
Yoon, Chun-Gyeong (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment / v.39, no.4, 2006 , pp. 481-488 More about this Journal
Abstract
The field scale experiment was performed to examine the performance of the constructed wetland for nonpoint source (NPS) pollution loading reduction. Four sets (0.88 ha each) of wetland and pond system were used. After three growing seasons of the wetland construction, plant coverage increased to about 90% even without plantation from bare soil surfaces at the initial stage. During the start up period of constructed wetlands, lower water levels should be maintained to avoid flooding newly plants, if wetland plants are to start from germinating seeds. The average removal rate of $BOD_5$, TSS, T-N and T-P during the first two years was 5.6%, 46.6%, 45.7%, and 54.8%, respectively. The $BOD_5$ removal rate was low and it might be attributed to the low influent concentration. The early stage of wetland performance demonstrated the effectiveness of water quality improvement and was satisfactory for treating polluted stream waters. From the first-order analysis, T-P was virtually not temperature dependent, and $BOD_5$ and TSS were more temperature dependent than T-N. A pond-wetland system was more effective than a wetland-pond or a wetland alone system in water quality improvement, particularly to reduce T-P. Overall, the wetland system was found to be an adequate alternative for treating a polluted stream water with stable removal efficiency and recommended as a NPS control measures.
Keywords
constructed wetland; nonpoint source pollution; nutrient removal; plant cover; pond;
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