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Changes of Growth, Morphology and Microcystin Production in Microcystis aeruginosa in Response to Zooplankton Culture Media Filtrate  

Ha, Kyong (Dept. of Biological Science, Silla University)
Jang, Min-Ho (School of Biological and Biomedical Science, University of Durham)
Jung, Jong-Mun (Dept. of Biology, Pusan National University)
Joo, Gea-Jae (Dept. of Biology, Pusan National University)
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Abstract
Growth, colony formation and microcystin production of 'low-toxic' Microcysits aeruginosa $K{\"{u}}tzing$ were examined in relation to the 'info-chemicals' released by zooplankton. Algae were cultured in a medium with or without filtered water taken from cultures of Daphnia magna Straus (300 ind./L) or Moina macrocopa Straus (500 ind./L), The growth of M. aeruginosa, based on cell number, was also significantly different from populations cultured in the media with and without filtered zooplankton water from the exponential growth phase. In the 6-day experiment, the growth pattern of M. aeruginosa cultured with ZCMF was clearly different to control with-out ZCMF. Mean number of cells/particle and particle bio-volume of M. aeruginosa increased significantly from the day 2 for the Daphnia-CMF or Moina-CMF treat-ments. Microcystin production was promoted showing from 18.7 to 55 ${\mu}g/g$-dry cell in the zooplankton treatments relative to the controls. At peaked level on day 4, the highest level of up to $70.5{\pm}16.8\;{\mu}g/g$-dry cell was observed in the D. magna treatment. This study suggested that 'info-chemicals' from zooplankton might induce the increase of algal growth rates, colony formation and microcystin production, these seem to be advantageous to the alga and thus as a grazing defense mechanism.
Keywords
Microcystis aeruginosa; Daphnia magna; Moina macrocopa; growth rate; morphological change; microcystin; zooplankton culture media filtrate(ZCMF);
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