Browse > Article

The Impact of monsoon Rainfall (Changma) on the Changes of Water Quality in the Lower Nakdong River (Mulgeum)  

Park, Sung-Bae (Dept. of Biology, Pusan National University)
Lee, Sang-Kyun (Dept. of Biology, Pusan National University, Dept. of Environmental Science, Kangwon National University)
Chang, Kwang-Hyeon (Dept. of Biology, Pusan National University, Research and Education Center for Inlandwater Environment, Shinshu University)
Jeong, Kwang-Suek (Dept. of Biology, Pusan National University)
Joo, Gea-Jae (Dept. of Biology, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Abstract
The impact of summer monsoon on water quality of the lower Nakdong River was evaluated during the summer (June-August) in 1997. Several limnological variables were measured in the interval of $1{\sim}3$ day using an automatic monitoring system (Hydrolab $Recorder^{TM}$) to detect water quality changes caused by rainfall on onehour basis. During the monsoon period (from late June to mid July), 5 times of major rainfall events of >50 mm were recorded in the river basin. Dynamic changes of water quality were observed during the monsoon, and the first rainfall event (June$25{\sim}27$) had a significant influence on the water quality at the lower part of the river. All Parameters were largely changed due to the first rain event, and the changed level was maintained until the end of monsoon period. Nutrient concentrations and turbidity increased and values of the other parameters were declined as a result of water dilution. This rainfall event, Changma, is a meteorological phenomenon caused by the East-Asian monsoon climate. The magnitude and frequency of the rainfall during the early monsoon play an important role in change of water quality and ecosystem characteristics of large river systems.
Keywords
summer monsoon; water quality; Nakdong River;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 An, K.G. 2000a. Dynamic changes of dissolved oxygen during summer monsoon. Kor. J. Limnol. 33: 213-221
2 Joo, G.J., H.W. Kim, K. Ha and J.K. Kim. 1997. Long-term trend of the eutrophication of the lower Nakdong River. Kor. J. Limnol. 30: 472-480
3 Reynolds, C.S. 1992. Algae. in: Calow, P. and G.E. Petts (eds), The River Handbook: Hydrological and Ecological Principles. Vol. 1. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford
4 Cornish, P.M. 1982. The variations of dissolved ion concentration with discharge in some New South Wales streams. in: O’Loughlin, E.M. and L.J. Bren (eds.) The First National Symposium on Forest Hydrology, Melbourne, pp. 67-71
5 김범철, 허우명, 황길순, 김동섭, 최광순. 1995. 소양호에서 인의 존재 형태별 분포에 관하여. 한국육수학회지. 28: 151-157
6 An, K.G. 2000b. Monsoon inflow as a major source of inlake phosphorus. Kor. J. Limnol. 33: 222-229
7 An, K.G. 2000c. The impact of monsoon on seasonal variability of basin morphology and hydrology. Kor. J. Limnol. 33: 342-349
8 Ha, K., E.A. Cho, H.W. Kim and G.J. Joo. 1999. Microcystis bloom formation in the lower Nakdong River, South Korea: importance of hydrodynamics and nutrient loading. Mar. Freshwater Res. 50: 89-94
9 Ha, K., H.W. Kim and G.J. Joo. 1998. The phytoplankton succession in the lower part of hypertrophic Nakdong River (Mulgum), South Korea. Hydrobiologia 369/370: 217-227
10 Jénkins, A. 1989. Storm period hydrochemical response in an unforested Scottish catchment. Hydrolog. Sci. J. 34: 393-404
11 Kim, H.W., K. Ha and G.J. Joo. 1998. Eutrophication of the lower Nakdong River after the construction of an estuarine dam in 1987. Internat. Rev. Hydrobiol. 83: 65-72
12 Meybeck, M., G. Friedrich, R. Thomas and D. Chapman. 1992. Rivers. in: Chapman, D. (ed), Water Quality Assessments. Chapman and Hall, London
13 Pringle, C.M., R.J. Naiman, G. Bretschko, J.R. Karr, M.W. Oswood, J.R. Webster, R.L. Welcomme and M.J. Winterbourn. 1988. Patch dynamics in lotic systems. J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 7: 503-524
14 Wetzel, R.G. and G.E. Likens. 1991. Limnological Analyses. 2nd Ed. Springer-Verlag, New York
15 Zafar, A.R. 1986. Seasonality of phytoplankton in some South Indian lakes. Hydrobologia 138: 177-187
16 Muraoka, K. and T. Hirata. 1988. Streamwater chemistry during rainfall events in a forested basin. J. Hydrol. 102: 235-253
17 Lohman, K., J.R. Jones, M.F. Knowlton, B.D. Swar, M.A. Pamperl and B.J. Brazos. 1988. Pre- and postmonsoon limnological characteristics of lakes in the Pokhara and Kathmandu valleys, Nepal. Verh. Int. Ver. Limnol. 23: 558-565
18 S.H.G.N. 1990. Annuaire Hydrologique de la Suisse. Service hydrologique et geologique national, Ottice fed. environment Forets et Paysages, Berne
19 박성배. 1998. 낙동강 중∙하류의 기초수질과 장마기 초기강우가 수질에 미치는 영향. 부산대학교 석사학위논문. 104pp
20 Khondker, M. and A. Kabir. 1995. Phytoplankton primary production in a mesotrophic pond in sub-tropical Bangladesh. Hydrobiologia 304: 39-47
21 Ha, K. 1996. The Mechanism of Phytoplankton Succession in the Lower Part of Nakdong River. M.S. thesis, Pusan National Univ., 86 pp
22 Lee, S.K., S.H. Choi, H.W. Kim, K. Ha and G.J. Joo. 1999. Inter-annual variability of nutrient loadings in the lower Nakdong River, Mulgum, Korea. Acta Hydrobiol.Sinica 23: 17-23
23 윤용남. 1998. 공업수문학. 청문각. 서울
24 Kim, B.C., K.S. Choi, C.G. Kim, U.H. Lee and Y.H. Kim. 2000. Effect of the summer monsoon on the distribution and loading of organic carbon in a deep reservoir, Lake Soyang, Korea. Water Res. 43: 3495-3504
25 Kim, H.W., G.J. Joo and N. Walz. 2001. Zooplankton dynamics in the hyper-eutrophic Nakdong River system (Korea) regulated by an estuary dam and side channels. Internat. Rev. Hydrobiol. 86: 127-143
26 기상청. 1991. 한국기후표∙기후예년값. 기상청. 서울
27 Ebel, W.J., C.D. Becker, J.W. Mullan and H.L. Raymond. 1989. The Columbia River-toward a holistic understanding. in: Dodge, D.P. (ed), Proceedings of the International Large Rivers Symposium, Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 106. Department of Fish and Oceans. Ottawa
28 기상청. 1995. 기상년감. 기상청. 서울
29 Miller, W.R. and J.I. Drever. 1997. Water chemistry of a stream following a storm, Absaroka Mountains, Wyoming. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 88: 286-290
30 Burt, T.P. 1992. The hydrology of headwater catchments. in: P. Calow and G.E. Petts (eds.), The River Handbook: Hydrological and Ecological Principles. Vol. 1.Blackwell Scientific Publication. Oxford. pp. 3-28
31 Walling, D.E. and B.W. Webb. 1992. Water quality: I. physical characteristics. in: Calow, P. and G.E. Petts The River Handbook: Hydrological and Ecological Principles. Vol. 1. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford
32 Carbonnel, J.P. and M. Meybeck. 1975. Quality variations of Mekong River at Pnom Penh, Cambodia, and chemical transport in the Mekong Basin. J. Hydrol. 27: 249-265
33 Silva, E.I.L. and R.W. Davies. 1987. The seasonality of monsoonal primary productivity in Sri Lanka. Hydrobiologia 150: 165-175
34 주기재. 1995. 낙동강생태연구 (1957-1994). 도서출판 금정. 부산
35 Likens, G.E., F.H. Borman, R.S. Pierce, J.S. Eaton and N.M. Johnson, 1977. Biogeochemistry of a Forested Ecosystem. Springer-Verlag., New York
36 Recknagel, F. 1997. ANNA-Artificial Neural Network model for predicting species abundance and succession of blue-green algae. Hydrobiologia 349: 47-55
37 Shapiro, J. 1990. Current beliefs regarding dominance by blue-greens: the case for the importance of CO2 and pH. Verh. Int. Verein. Limnol. 24: 38-54