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http://dx.doi.org/10.14249/eia.2017.26.2.127

Estimating carbon uptake in forest and agricultural ecosystems of Korea and other countries using eddy covariance flux data  

Lee, Bora (University of Bayreuth)
Kang, Wanmo (Korea Environment Institute)
Kim, Choong-Ki (Korea Environment Institute)
Kim, Gieun (Korea Environment Institute)
Lee, Chang-Hoon (Korea Environment Institute)
Publication Information
Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment / v.26, no.2, 2017 , pp. 127-139 More about this Journal
Abstract
Measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of $CO_2$ based on the eddy covariance technique provide reasonable carbon balance estimates in response to local environmental conditions. In South Korea, the forest ecosystems cover approximately 64% of the total area, thereby strongly affecting regional carbon balances. Cultivated croplands that cover about 17% of the total area should also be considered when calculating the carbon balance of the country. In this study, our objectives were (a) to quantify the range and seasonal variation of NEE at forest ecosystems, including deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forests, and agricultural ecosystems, including rice paddies and a potato field, in South Korea and (b) to compare NEE at ten Fluxnet sites that have the same or similar ecosystems as found in South Korea. The results showed that the forest and agricultural ecosystems were carbon sinks. In Korea, NEE at the forest ecosystems varied between -31 and $-362gC/m^2/yr$, and NEE at the croplands ranged from -210 to $-248gC/m^2/growing$ season. At the deciduous forest, NEE reached low values in late spring, early summer, and early autumn, while at the coniferous forest, it reached low values in spring, early summer, and mid autumn. The young mixed forest was a much stronger carbon sink than the old-growth deciduous and coniferous forests. During each crop growing season, beet had the lowest NEE value within six crops, followed by wither wheat, maize, rice, potato, and soybean. These results will be useful for designing and applying management strategies for the reduction of $CO_2$ emissions.
Keywords
Carbon Sink; Eddy-Covariance Flux Tower; Fluxnet; Forest; Agriculture; Net Ecosystem;
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