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Pilot Study for the Prediction of Response to Radiotherapy Using [$^{18}F$]Fluorothymidine PET in Nasopharyngeal Cancer: Comparison with [$^{18}F$]FDG PET  

Baek, So-Ra (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Chae, Sun-Young (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Kim, Hye-Ok (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Lee, sang-Wook (Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Oh, Seung-Jun (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Im, Ki-Chun (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Moon, Dae-Hyuk (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Kim, Jae-Seung (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Ryu, Jin-Sook (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
Publication Information
Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging / v.43, no.6, 2009 , pp. 535-542 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: This study was performed to know whether [$^{18}F$]Fluorothymidine (FLT) positron emission tomography (PET) can be used to monitor early response to radiotherapy in comparison with [$^{18}F$]Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET, and to establish the optimal imaging time for prediction of therapy response. Materials and Methods: Two patients with nasopharyngeal cancer underwent serial FLT PET and FDG PET before and during radiotherapy. Three on-treatment FLT and FDG PET scans were performed on 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks (at each time of 10 Gy, 20 Gy and 30 Gy delivered). The peak standardized uptake values ($SUV_{peak}$) of primary tumors were measured on FLT and FDG PET. Then, percent changes of $SUV_{peak}$ after therapy were calculated. Results: In two patients, baseline values of $SUV_{peak}$ on FDT PET were higher than those on FLT PET (FLT vs FDG; 3.7 vs 5.0, and 5.7 vs 15.0). In patient 1, FLT $SUV_{peak}$ showed 78%, 78% and 84% of decrease on 1 week, 2 and 3 weeks after treatment, whereas FDG $SUV_{peak}$ showed 18%, 52% and 66% of decrease, respectively. In patient 2, FLT $SUV_{peak}$ showed 75%, 75% and 68% of decrease, whereas FDG $SUV_{peak}$ showed 51%, 49% and 58% of decrease, respectively. Both patients reached to complete remission after radiotherapy. Conclusion: After radiotherapy, the decrease of FLT tumor uptake preceded the decrease of FDG tumor uptake in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer, and 1 week after therapy may be appropriate time for the assessment of early response. FLT PET might be more useful than FDG PET for monitoring early response to radiotherapy.
Keywords
[$^{18}F$]Fluorothymidine; [$^{18}F$]Fluorodeoxyglucose; PET; nasopharyngeal cancer; radiation therapy;
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