Browse > Article

FDG Uptake in the Pathologically Proven Papillary Thyroid Cancer  

Kim, Tae-Sung (Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Yun, Mi-Jin (Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Cho, Arthur (Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Lee, Jong-Doo (Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Publication Information
Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging / v.41, no.1, 2007 , pp. 22-29 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: Metastatic thyroid cancers with I-131 uptake have been known to show no increase of FDG uptake whereas those without I-131 uptake tend to demonstrate increased uptake on PET. In this study, we evaluated the degree of FDG uptake in primary thyroid cancers of papillary histology before surgery. Material & Methods: Forty FDG PET studies were performed on the patients who had papillary cancer proven by fine needle aspiration. The degree of FDG uptake was visually categorized as positive or negative (positive if the tumor showed discernible FDG; negative if the tumor didn't) and the peak standard uptake value (peak SUV) of the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) were compared with the size of PTC. Results: The mean size of 26 PTC with positive FDG uptake was $1.9{\pm}1.4\;cm(0.5{\sim}5\;cm)$. In 13 PTC with negative FDG uptake, the mean size of those was $0.5{\pm}0.2\;cm\;(0.2{\sim}0.9\;cm)$. All PTC larger than 1cm ($2.5{\pm}1.4\;cm,\;1{\sim}5\;cm$) have positive FDG uptake (peak $SUV=6.4{\pm}5.7,\;1.7{\sim}22.7$). Among the micropapillary thyroid cancer (microPTC; PTC smaller than 1cm), 8 microPTC show positive FDG uptake(peak $SUV=2.9{\pm}1.3,\;1.7{\sim}5.5$), while 13 microPTC show negative finding(peak $SUV=1.3{\pm}0.2,\;1.1{\sim}1.7$). The size of microPTC with positive FDG uptake is significantly larger than that of microPTC with negative FDG uptake ($0.7{\pm}0.1\;cm$ vs $0.4{\pm}0.2\;cm$, p=0.01). Conclusion: All PTCs larger than 1cm show positive FDG uptake in our study. In other words, thyroid lesions larger than 1cm with negative FDG uptake are unlikely to be PTC. So far, only poorly differentiated thyroid cancers are known to show increased FDG uptake. Our results seem to be contradictory to what is known in the literature. Further study is needed to understand better the significance of increased FDG uptake in PTC in relation to expression of NIS and GLUT.
Keywords
papillary thyroid cancer; FDG PET; thyroid nodules;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 de Geus-Oei LF, Pieters GF, Bonenkamp JJ, Mudde AH, Bleeker-Rovers CP, Corstens FH, et al. 18F-FDG PET reduces unnecessary hemithyroidectomies for thyroid nodules with inconclusive cytologic results. J Nucl Med 2006;47:770-5
2 Cohen MS, Arslan N, Dehdashti F, Doherty GM, Lairmore TC, Brunt LM, et al. Risk of malignancy in thyroid incidentalomas identified by fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography. Surgery 2001;130:941-6   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Sasaki M, Ichiya Y, Kuwabara Y, Akashi Y, Yoshida T, Fukumura T, et al. An evaluation of FDG-PET in the detection and differentiation of thyroid tumours. Nucl Med Commun 1997;18:957-63   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Chung JK, So Y, Lee JS, Choi CW, Lim SM, Lee DS, et al. Value of FDG PET in papillary thyroid carcinoma with negative 131I whole-body scan. J Nucl Med 1999;40:986-92
5 Haberkorn U, Ziegler SI, Oberdorfer F, Trojan H, Haag D, Peschke P, et al. FDG uptake, tumor proliferation and expression of glycolysis associated genes in animal tumor models. Nucl Med Biol 1994;21:827-34   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Matsuzu K, Segade F, Matsuzu U, Carter A, Bowden DW, Perrier ND. Differential expression of glucose transporters in normal and pathologic thyroid tissue. Thyroid 2004;14:806-12   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Haber RS, Weiser KR, Pritsker A, Reder I, Burstein DE. GLUT1 glucose transporter expression in benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Thyroid 1997;7:363-7   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Simpson WJ, McKinney SE, Carruthers JS, Gospodarowicz MK, Sutcliffe SB, Panzarella T. Papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. Prognostic factors in 1,578 patients. Am J Med 1987;83:479-88   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Joensuu H, Ahonen A, Klemi PJ. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose imaging in preoperative diagnosis of thyroid malignancy. Eur J Nucl Med 1988;13:502-6
10 Warburg O. On the origin of cancer cells. Science 1956;123:309-14   DOI
11 Matsuzu K, Segade F, Wong M, Clark OH, Perrier ND, Bowden DW. Glucose transporters in the thyroid. Thyroid 2005;15:545-50   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Higashi T, Saga T, Nakamoto Y, Ishimori T, Mamede MH, Wada M, et al. Relationship between retention index in dual-phase (18)F-FDG PET, and hexokinase-II and glucose transporter-1 expression in pancreatic cancer. J Nucl Med 2002;43:173-80
13 Joensuu H, Ahonen A. Imaging of metastases of thyroid carcinoma with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose. J Nucl Med 1987;28:910-4
14 Uematsu H, Sadato N, Ohtsubo T, Tsuchida T, Nakamura S, Sugimoto K, et al. Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET versus thallium-201 scintigraphy evaluation of thyroid tumors. J Nucl Med 1998;39:453-9
15 Aloj L, Caraco C, Jagoda E, Eckelman WC, Neumann RD. Glut-1 and hexokinase expression: relationship with 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-Dglucose uptake in A431 and T47D cells in culture. Cancer Res 1999;59:4709-14
16 Wang W, Macapinlac H, Larson SM, Yeh SD, Akhurst T, Finn RD, et al. [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography localizes residual thyroid cancer in patients with negative diagnostic (131)I whole body scans and elevated serum thyroglobulin levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:2291-302   DOI
17 Grunwald F, Kalicke T, Feine U, Lietzenmayer R, Scheidhauer K, Dietlein M, et al. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in thyroid cancer: results of a multicentre study. Eur J Nucl Med 1999;26:1547-52   DOI
18 Dietlein M, Scheidhauer K, Voth E, Theissen P, Schicha H. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and iodine-131 whole-body scintigraphy in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer. Eur J Nucl Med 1997;24:1342-8   DOI
19 McDougall IR, Davidson J, Segall GM. Positron emission tomography of the thyroid, with an emphasis on thyroid cancer. Nucl Med Commun 2001;22:485-92   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Frilling A, Gorges R, Tecklenborg K, Gassmann P, Bockhorn M, Clausen M, et al. Value of preoperative diagnostic modalities in patients with recurrent thyroid carcinoma. Surgery 2000;128: 1067-74   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Schluter B, Bohuslavizki KH, Beyer W, Plotkin M, Buchert R, Clausen M. Impact of FDG PET on patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who present with elevated thyroglobulin and negative 131I scan. J Nucl Med 2001;42:71-6
22 Bloom AD, Adler LP, Shuck JM. Determination of malignancy of thyroid nodules with positron emission tomography. Surgery 1993;114:728-34; discussion 734-5
23 Helal BO, Merlet P, Toubert ME, Franc B, Schvartz C, Gauthier-Koelesnikov H, et al. Clinical impact of (18)F-FDG PET in thyroid carcinoma patients with elevated thyroglobulin levels and negative (131)I scanning results after therapy. J Nucl Med 2001;42: 1464-9
24 Kresnik E, Gallowitsch HJ, Mikosch P, Stettner H, Igerc I, Gomez I, et al. Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the preoperative assessment of thyroid nodules in an endemic goiter area. Surgery 2003;133:294-9   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Schonberger J, Ruschoff J, Grimm D, Marienhagen J, Rummele P, Meyringer R, et al. Glucose transporter 1 gene expression is related to thyroid neoplasms with an unfavorable prognosis: an immunohistochemical study. Thyroid 2002;12:747-54   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Kang KW, Kim SK, Kang HS, Lee ES, Sim JS, Lee IG, et al. Prevalence and risk of cancer of focal thyroid incidentaloma identified by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for metastasis evaluation and cancer screening in healthy subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:4100-4   DOI
27 Feine U, Lietzenmayer R, Hanke JP, Held J, Wohrle H, Muller-Schauenburg W. Fluorine-18-FDG and iodine-131-iodide uptake in thyroid cancer. J Nucl Med 1996;37:1468-72