Browse > Article

The Evaluation of Factors Which Influence Binding Efficiency of Modified in Vivo Erythrocyte Labeling Technique  

Seo, Han-Kyung (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School)
Kim, Min-Woo (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School)
Lim, Seok-Tae (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School)
Sohn, Myung-Hee (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School)
Publication Information
The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine / v.38, no.4, 2004 , pp. 300-305 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: We underwent this study to evaluate the factors which influence labeling efficiency when modified in vivo erythrocyte labeling technique was used. Materials and methods: Thirty healthy volunteers (M:F=19:11, age:$25{\pm}2$ yrs) were enrolled in this study. Totally, two hundred ten samples were obtained from them. The 1 mg of stannous pyrophosphate was injected intravenously at the beginning of labeling. After suitable tinning time (5 min, 20 min, 35 min) passed by, blood (5 mL, 3 mL or 1 mL) was withdrawn into 10 mL syringe previously containing Tc-99m (740 MBq) and anticoagulant (heparin, ACD or CPDA) through 19-gauged scalp needle. The generator ingrowth time of Tc-99m was within 24 hrs in each case. The blood samples were placed on rotating invertor during incubation (10 min, 25 min, 40 min) but some of them were not. Immediately after the conclusion of incubation, the labeled blood specimens to analyze were centrifuged. and then %Unbound Tc-99m was calculated. Statical analysis was used paired T-test and one way ANOVA with SPSS 10.0. Results: The binding efficiency at 1 mL of blood volume was $73{\pm}32%,\;91{\pm}10%$ at 3 mL and $96{\pm}7%$ at 5 mL (p<0.01). The binding efficiency at 5 min of tinning time was $45{\pm}23%,\;98{\pm}6%$, at 20 min and $97{\pm}8%$ at 35 min (p<0.001). The binding efficiency at 10 min of incubation time was $96{\pm}7%,\;95{\pm}12%$ at 25 min and $98{\pm}3%$ at 40 min (p>0.05). The binding efficiency in case of using rotating invertor was $96{\pm}7%$ and the binding efficiency in case of not using it was $87{\pm}18%$ (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between them. In binding efficiency according to kinds of anticoagulants, ACD was $98{\pm}4%$, CPDA was $97{\pm}6%$ and heparin was $89{\pm}20%$ (p<0.001). Conclusion: When modified in vivo erythrocyte labeling technique is used with Tc-99m, the methods to obtain the highest labeling efficiency are as follow. The withdrawing blood volume should be over 3 mL, tinning time should be kept between 20 min and 35 min, and incubation time should be kept between 10 min and 40 min. ACD or CPDA have to be used as a anticoagulant except heparin and the blood samples should be placed on rotating invertor during incubation.
Keywords
binding efficiency; modified in vivo method; erythrocyte labeling;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Mcrae J, Sugar RM, Shipley B, Hook GR. Alterations in tissue distribution of Tc-99m pertechnetate in rats given stannous tin. J Nucl Med 1974;15:151-5   PUBMED
2 Greenberg DD, Som P, Meinken GE, Sacker DF, Atkins HL. Effects of preloading of stannous compounds on the distribution of Tc-99m pertechnetate. Nuklearmedizin 1977;16:26-9   PUBMED
3 Alderson PO, Bernier DR, Ludbrook PA, Harwig JF, Roberts R, Sobel BE. Serial radionuclide determinations of the ejection fraction with Tc-99m labeled red blood cells. Radiology 1976;119:729-30   DOI   PUBMED
4 Bunker SR, Brown JM, McAuley RJ, Lull RJ, Jackson JH, Hattner RS, et al. Detection of gastrointestinal bleeding sites. use of in vitro technetium Tc-99m labeled RBC's. JAMA 1982;247:789-92
5 Smith RK, Arterburn JG. The advantages of delayed imaging and radiographic correlation in scintigraphic localization of gastrointestinal bleeding. Radiology 1981;139:471-2   DOI   PUBMED
6 Yu KY, Cho SM, Shim SM, Cho KJ. The clinical comparison on cardiac blood pool scan agents labeling method. Kor J Nucl Med Tech 1986;2:39-41
7 Callahan RJ, Froelich JW, McKusick KA, Leppo J, Strauss HW. A modified method for the in vivo labeling of red blood cells with Tc-99m: concise communication. J Nucl Med 1982;23:315-8   PUBMED
8 Srivastava SC, Chervu LR. Radionuclide-labeled red blood cells:current status and future prospects. Semin Nucl Med 1984;14:68-82   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Kelly MJ, Cowie AR, Antonino A, Barton H, Kalff V. An assessment of factors which influence the effectiveness of the modified in vivo technetium-99m erythrocyte labeling technique in clinical use. J Nucl Med 1992;33:2222-5   PUBMED
10 Winzelberg GG, Froelich JW, McKusick KA, Waltman AC, Greenfield AJ, Athanasoulis CA, et al. Radionuclide localization of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Radiology 1981;139:465-9   DOI   PUBMED
11 Porter WC, Dees SM, Freitas JE, Dworkin HJ. Acid-citrate-dextrose compared with heparin in the preparation of in vivo/in vitro technetium-99m red blood cells. J Nucl Med 1983;24:383-7   PUBMED
12 Wilson ME, Hung JC. Evaluation of heparin and anticoagualant citrate dextrose in the preparation of technetium-99m red blood cells with Ultra Tag RBC kit. J Nucl Med 1992;33:306-8   PUBMED
13 Thrall JH, Freitas JE, Swanson D, Rogers WL, Clare JM, Brown ML, et al. Clinical comparison of cardiac blood pool visualization with technetium-99m red blood cells labeled in vivo and with technetium-99m human serum albumin. J Nucl Med 1978;19:796-803   PUBMED
14 Armas RR, Thakur ML, Gottschalk A. A simplified method of selective spleen scintigraphy with Tc-99m labeled erythrocytes: clinical application. concise communication. J Nucl Med 1980;21:413-6   PUBMED
15 Chandler WM, Shuck LD. Effects of tin on pertechnetate distribution. J Nucl Med 1975;16:690
16 Front D, Israel O, Groshar D, Weininger J. Technetium-99m-labeled red blood imaging. Semin Nucl Med 1984;14:226-50   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Kulkarni PV, Parkey RW, Buja LM, Wilson JE 3rd, Bonte FJ, Willerson JT. Technetium-labeled heparin: preliminary report of a new radiopharmaceutical with potential for imaging damaged coronary arteries and myocardium. J Nucl Med 1978;19:810-5   PUBMED
18 Triplett DA. Heparin: biochemistry, therapy and laboratory monitoring. Ther Drug Monit 1979;1:173-97   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
19 Callahan RJ, Rabito CA. Radiolabeling of erythrocytes with technetium-99m: role of band-3 protein in the transport of pertechnetate across the cell membrane. J Nucl Med 1990;31:2004-10   PUBMED
20 Callahan RJ, Ramberg KL. Radiolabeling formed elements of blood: methods and mechanisms. In: Henkin RE, Boles MA, Dillehay GL, Halama JR, Karesh SM, Wagner RH, editors. Nuclear Medicine. St. Louis: Mosby; 1996. p. 397-409
21 Front D, Israel O. Tc-99m labeled red blood cells in the evaluation of vascular abnormalities. J Nucl Med 1981;22:149-151   PUBMED