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http://dx.doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2020.109.2.157

Comparison of Soil Physicochemical Properties According to the Sensitivity of Forest Soil to Acidification in the Republic of Korea  

Lee, Ah Lim (Department of Forest Restoration and Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science)
Koo, Namin (Department of Forest Restoration and Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science / v.109, no.2, 2020 , pp. 157-168 More about this Journal
Abstract
The sensitivity of forest soil to acidification in the Republic of Korea (ROK) was evaluated based on pHH2O, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and base saturation (BS). Sensitivity to acidification was categorized into three grades: adequate level (AL, pH ≧ 4.2, CEC ≧ 15cmol/kg, BS ≧ 15%), caution level (CL, at least one indicator is below AL), and severe Level (SL, all three indicators are below AL). Soil samples were collected from the 65 stationary monitoring plots (40 × 40 ㎢), distributed throughout ROK. Only 19% of soil samples were classified as AL, while 66% and 15% were CL and SL, respectively. The median of pHH2O, CEC, BS, and Ca/Al indicator in AL soils was pH 4.64, 20.7cmol/kg, 29%, and 6.3, respectively. Moreover, BCex (K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) and available phosphorus (AP) concentration compared with a threshold value and molar ratio of BCex and AP to total nitrogen (TN) was high. This indicates that AL soils have a good nutrient condition. The molar Ca/Al ratio, an indicator for toxicity of exchangeable aluminum (Alex), was more than 1, indicating no negative impact of Alex on plant growth. On the contrary, the median of pHH2O, CEC, and BS in SL soils was pH 4.02, 13.2cmol/kg, and 10%, respectively. The Ca/Al index was less than 0.6, which indicates that negative impacts of Alex on plants were high. Furthermore, both the concentration of BCex in SL soils and the BCex/TN ratio were the lowest among the three acidity degrees. This shows that SLsoils can be degraded by soil acidification compared with less acidic soils.
Keywords
acid rain; N and S deposition; aluminum buffering capacity; organic matter and aluminum complexation; aluminium hydroxide;
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