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http://dx.doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2019.108.3.440

Effect of 2D Forest Video Viewing and Virtual Reality Forest Video Viewing on Stress Reduction in Adults  

Hong, Sungjun (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University)
Joung, Dawou (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University)
Lee, Jeongdo (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University)
Kim, Da-young (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University)
Kim, Soojin (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University)
Park, Bum-Jin (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science / v.108, no.3, 2019 , pp. 440-453 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of watching a two-dimensional (2D) forest video and a virtual reality (VR) forest video on stress reduction in adults. Experiments were conducted in an artificial climate room, and 40 subjects participated. After inducing stress in the subjects, subjects watched a 2D gray video, 2D forest video, or VR forest video for 5 mins. The autonomic nervous system activity was evaluated continuously in terms of measured heart rate variability during the experiment. After each experiment, the subject's psychological state was evaluated using a questionnaire. The 2D forest video decreased the viewer's stress index, increased HF, and reduced heart rate compared with the 2D gray video. The VR forest video had a greater stress index reduction effect, LF/HF increase effect, and heart rate reduction effect than the 2D gray video. Psychological measurements showed that subjects felt more comfortable, natural, and calm when watching the 2D gray video, 2D forest video or VR forest video. We also found that the 2D forest video and VR forest video increased positive emotions and reduced negative emotions compared to the 2D gray video. Based on these results, it can be concluded that watching the 2D forest and VR forest videos reduces the stress index and heart rate compared with watching the 2D gray video. Thus, it is considered that the 2D forest video increases the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system, and the VR forest video increases the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. The increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system upon watching the VR forest video is judged to be positive sympathetic nerve activity, such as novelty and curiosity, and not negative sympathetic activity, such as stress and tension. The results of this study are expected to be the basis for examining the visual effects of forest healing, with hope that the utilization of VR, the technology of the fourth industrial revolution in the forestry field, will broaden.
Keywords
forest landscape; forest therapy; forest welfare; heart rate variability; positive affect and negative affect schedule; profile of mood state; semantic differential method;
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