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Rainfall Pattern Regulating Surface Erosion and Its Effect on Variation in Sediment Yield in Post-wildfire Area  

Seo, Jung-Il (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Chun, Kun-Woo (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Kim, Suk-Woo (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Kim, Min-Sik (Korean Association of Soil and Water Conservation)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science / v.99, no.4, 2010 , pp. 534-545 More about this Journal
Abstract
To examine 1) rainfall pattern (i.e., type and intensity) regulating surface erosion on hillslopes in postwildfire area and 2) its effect on variation in sediment yield along the gradient of severity wildfire regimes and elapsed years, we surveyed the amount of sediment yield with respect to daily or net-effective rainfall in 9 plots in eastern coastal region, Republic of Korea. Before field investigation, all plots classified into three groups: low-, mixed- and high-severity wildfire regimes (3 plots in each group). We found that, with decreasing wildfire regimes and increasing elapsed years, the rainfall type regulating surface erosion changed from daily rainfall to net-effective rainfall (considering rainfall continuity) and its intensity increased continuously. In general, wildfires can destroy the stabilized forest floors, and thus rainfall interception by vegetation and litter layer should be reduced. Wildfires can also decrease soil pores in forest floors, and thus infiltration rates of soil are reduced. These two processes lead to frequent occurrence of overland flows required to surface erosion, and sediment yields in post-wildfire areas should increase linearly with increasing rainfall events. With the decreasing severity wildfire regimes and the increasing elapsed years, these processes should be stabilized, and therefore their sediment yields also decreased. Our findings on variations in sediment yields caused by the wildfire regimes and the elapsed years suggest understanding of hydrogeomorphic and ecologic diversities in post-wildfire areas, and these should be carefully examined for both watershed management and disaster prevention.
Keywords
wildfire regime; elapsed year; surface erosion; sediment yield; daily rainfall; net-effective rainfall; rainfall intensity; rainfall interception; infiltration rate;
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