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Influence of Land Use Change in the Forest Catchment on Sediment Accumulation at the Outlets of Rivers: Results of a Study in Kushiro Mire, Northern Japan  

Ahn, Young Sang (Korea Forest Research Institute)
Nakamura, Futoshi (Department of Forest Science, Hokkaido University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science / v.98, no.6, 2009 , pp. 669-675 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of land use change in the forest catchment on sedimentation rate at the outlets of rivers in Kushiro Mire that have been impacted by forest clearing, agricultural activity and river regulation. We analysed Caesium-137(Cs-137) concentration in sediment cores, and we estimated sedimentation rates and Cs-137 inventories over the last 50 years. Cs-137 from atomic bomb testing first entered the environment in 1954 which provides easily identifiable chronological markers in the sediment. Because Cs-137 is strongly absorbed into sediment particles, its redistribution occurs in association with sedimentary particles. Since the 1950s, the forest catchment areas draining into the mire have been developed intensively from forest areas to agricultural lands. The sediment accumulations at the outlets of rivers after 1954 ranged from 36 to 148 cm. The Cs-137 inventory is significantly greater than the reference sites which reflected natural accumulation conditions because sediment containing Cs-137 was carried from catchments into the outlets of the rivers. In addition, the Cs-137 inventory was correlated with the sedimentation rate. However, the Cs-137 inventories in Kuchoro and Kushiro river profiles were slowly increased with the sedimentation rates. This is because the sediment originating from scoured areas such as streambeds and banks contains a low level of Cs-137 concentration.
Keywords
forest catchment; land use change; sediment accumulation; Caesium-137; Kushiro Mire;
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