Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2016.31.3.162

A Methodology for Determination of the Safety Distance in Chemical Plants using CFD Modeling  

Baek, Ju-Hong (Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University)
Lee, Hyang-Jig (Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University)
Jang, Chang Bong (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Safety / v.31, no.3, 2016 , pp. 162-167 More about this Journal
Abstract
As the simple empirical and phenomenological model applied to the analysis of leakage and explosion of chemical substances does not regard numerous variables, such as positional density of installations and equipment, turbulence, atmospheric conditions, obstacles, and wind effects, there is a significant gap between actual accident consequence and computation. Therefore, the risk management of a chemical plant based on such a computation surely has low reliability. Since a process plant is required to have outcomes more similar to the actual outcomes to secure highly reliable safety, this study was designed to apply the CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation technique to analyze a virtual prediction under numerous variables of leakages and explosions very similarly to reality, in order to review the computation technique of the practical safety distance at a process plant.
Keywords
leakage; explosion; CFD; safety distance;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 CCPS/AIChE, Guidelines for Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis, Wiley, New York, 2000.
2 B.Angers, A. Hourri, P. Benard, E. Demael, S. Ruban and S. Jallais, "Modeling of Hydrogen Explosion on a Pressure Swing Adsorption Facility", J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 39, pp. 6210-6221, 2014.   DOI
3 CCPS/AIChE, Guidelines for Evaluating the Characteristics of Vapor Cloud Explosions, Flash Fires, and BLEVEs, Wiley, New York, 1994.
4 AC. van den Berg, The Multi-energy Method: a Frame Work for Vapour Cloud Explosion Blast Prediction, J. Hazard. Mater, Vol. 12, pp. 1-10, 1985.   DOI
5 A. Qial and S. Zhang, "Advanced CFD Modeling on Vapor Dispersion and Vapor Cloud Explosion, J. Loss Prev. Process Ind., Vol. 23, pp. 843-848. 2003.
6 A,C. van den Berg and A. Lannoy, Method for Vapour Cloud Explosion Blast Modeling, J. Hazard. Mater, Vol. 34, pp. 151-171, 1993.   DOI
7 M. Prankul and R. Olav, Hansen, CFD Simulation Study to Investigate the Risk from Hydrogen Vehicles in Tunnels, J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 34, pp. 5875-5886, 2009.   DOI
8 Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Manual for Petrochemical Unit Screening Technique, KOSHA, Ulsan, 2008.
9 B H. Hjertager, Computer Simulation of Turbulent Reactive Gas Dynamics, J. Model Identification, Vol. 5, pp. 11-36, 1985.
10 P. Middha, Hansen Olav R and I. E. Storvik, "Validation of CFD-model for Hydrogen Dispersion, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Vol. 22, pp. 1034-1038, 2009.   DOI
11 P. Middha, O. R. Hansen, J. Grune and A.Kotchourko, "CFD Calculations of Gas Leak Dispersion and Subsequent Gas Explosions: Validation Against Ignited Impinging Hydrogen Jet Experiments", J. Hazard Mater. Vol. 179, pp. 84-94, 2010.   DOI
12 D. Makarov et al., "An inter-comparison Exercise on CFD Model Capabilities to Predict a Hydrogen Explosion in a Simulated Vehicle Refuelling Environment", J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 34. pp. 2800-2814, 2009.   DOI
13 S. Gant and J. Hoyes, "Review of FLACS Version 9.0 Dispersion Modelling Capabilities", Health and Safety Executive HSE Books, 2010.
14 Occupational Safety and Health Act, Ministerial Ordinance of Industrial Safety Standards Article 271, KOREA. 2014.
15 IGC Doc/75/07/E/rev, Determination of Safety Distances, European Industrial Gases Association, 2007.
16 AIHA, Emergency Response Planning Guidelines and Workplace Environmental Exposure Level Guides, Fairfax, VA: American Industrial Hygiene Association, 1996.