Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2011.26.3.075

Evaluation of Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Cashier Work Activities  

Hwang, Jae-Jin (Department of Industrial and Information Systems Engineering, Ajou University)
Jung, Myung-Chul (Department of Industrial and Information Systems Engineering, Ajou University)
Kim, Hyun-Joo (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine)
JungChoi, Kyung-Hee (Department of Preventive Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine)
Bahk, Jin-Wook (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
Lee, In-Seok (Department of Safety Engineering, Hankyong National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Safety / v.26, no.3, 2011 , pp. 75-82 More about this Journal
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of musculo-skeletal symptoms of cashiers and provide suggestions for an improved workspace design. Workload and exertion of each task were measured using job analysis and posture analysis. The three most time-consuming tasks were waiting (43.8%), scanning (23.5%) and payment transaction (22.9%). It was analyzed that the workspace can be improved by applying Korean anthropometric data to the design of the desk height. The most common posture was a standing posture with neutral back, and bent lower arms and hands. Finally, it was revealed that 'scanning' and 'payment transaction' seemed more stressful than other operations. The result of the ergonomic evaluation would be a useful basis for designing an improved workspace.
Keywords
musculoskeletal symptoms; cashiers; job analysis; posture analysis;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 K.S. Kim, J.K. P, D.S. Kim, "Status and characteristics of occurrence of work-related musculoskeltal disorders", Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 405-422, 2010.   DOI
2 The National Human Rights Commission of the Republic of Korea, "Research on the right to work and discrimination for female temporary employee in the distribution industry", 2007.
3 US Department of Labor: Occupational Safety and Health Administration, "Ergonomics for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders: guidelines for retail grocery stores", 2004.
4 K.A. Grant, D.J. Habes, "An analysis of scanning postures among grocery cashiers and its relationship to checkstand design", Ergonomics, Vol. 38, No. 10, pp. 2078-2090, 1995.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 W. Margolis, J.F. Kraus, "The prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms in female supermarket checkers", J. Occup. Environ. Med., Vol. 29, No. 12, pp. 953-956, 1987.
6 S.H. Lee, R. Myung, "A study of CTDs for a check-out scanning operation", Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 2000.
7 S.G. Park, J.Y. Lee, "Characteristics and odds ratio of work related musculoskeletal disorders according to job classification in small-to-medium-sized enterprises", Korean J. Occup. Environ. Med., Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 422-435, 2004.
8 D.D. Yang, H.K. Lim, "Risk factors characteristics of work-related musculoskeletal disorders for department store workers", Proceedings of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, 2006.
9 G.A. Ryan, "The prevalence of musculo-skeletal symptoms in supermarket workers", Ergonomics, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 359-371, 1989.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 K.A. Grant, D.J. Habes, S.L. Baron, "An ergonomics evaluation of cashier work activities at checkerunload workstations", Appl. Ergon., Vol. 25, No. 5, pp. 310-318, 1994.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 U. Hinnen, T. Laubli, U. Guggenbohl, H. Krueger, "Design of check-out systems including laser scanners for sitting work posture", Scand. J. Public. Healt., Vol. 18, pp. 186-194, 1992.
12 A. Johansson, G. Johansson, P. Lundqvist, I. Akesson, P. Odenrick, R. Akselsson, "Evaluation of a workplace redesign of a grocery checkout system", Appl. Ergon., Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 261-266, 1998.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Korean Employment Information Service, Occupational Employment Statistics, 2006, 2010.
14 W.M. Keyserling, "Postural analysis of trunk and shoulders in simulated real time", Ergonomics, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 569-583, 1986.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 W.M. Keyserling, M. Brouwer, B.A. Silverstein, "A checklist for evaluation ergonomics risk factors resulting from awkward postures of the legs, trunk and neck", Int. J. Ind. Ergonom., Vol. 9, pp. 283-301, 1992.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 D. Baty, D.A. Stubbs, "Postural stress in geriatric nursing", Int. J. Nurs. Stud., Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 339- 344, 1987.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 T.K. Foreman, J.D.G. Troup, "Diumal variations in spinal loading and the effects on stature: A preliminary study of nursing activities", Clin. Biomech., Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 48-54, 1987.
18 A.M. Genaidy, L. Guo, R. Eckart, J.D.G. Troup, "A postural stress analysis system for evaluating body movements and positions in industry", Proceedings of the Ergonomics Society Conference, pp. 346-351, 1993.
19 I.S. Lee, M.K. Chung, D.H. Kee, "Evaluation of postural load of varying leg postures using the psychophysical scaling", Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 47-65, 2002.
20 E. Grandjean, W. Hunting, "Ergonomics of posture- Review of various problems of standing and sitting posture", Appl. Ergon., Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 135-140, 1977.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 W.M. Keyserling, "Computer-aided posture analysis of the trunk, neck, shoulders and lower extremities", Taylor and Francis, London, 1990.
22 D.M. Andrews, J.P. Callaghan, "Determining the minimum sampling rate needed to accurately quantify cumulative spine loading from digitized video", Appl. Ergon., Vol. 34, pp. 589-595, 2003.
23 R. Bonfiglioli, S. Mattioli, C. Fiorentini, F. Graziosi, S. Curti, F.S. Violante, "Relationship between repetitive work and the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in part-time and full-time female supermarket cashiers: a quasi-experimental study", Int. Arch. Occ. Env. Hea., Vol. 80, No. 3, pp. 248-253, 2007.
24 C. Carrasco, N. Coleman, S. Healey, "Packing products for customers-An ergonomic evaluation of three supermarket checkouts", Appl. Ergon., Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 101-108, 1995.
25 S. Bernard, "Cashier,s work-time: Between a productivity mentality and a service mentality", Sociol. Trav., Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 129-144, 2007.   DOI
26 Size Korea, http://sizekorea.kats.go.kr/, 2004.
27 E. Grandjean, "Fitting the task to the man", Taylor & Francis, London, 1988.
28 P.M. King, "A comparison of the effects of floor mats and shoe in-soles on standing fatigue", Appl. Ergon., Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 477-484, 2002.
29 K.A. Grant, D.J. Habes, V.P. Anderson, S.L. Baron, M.H. Sweeney, L. Piacitelli, L.J. Fine, "Ergonomic evaluation of checkstand designs in the retail food industry: a report based on expert assessment", Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Vol. 8, No. 11, pp. 929-936, 1993.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 M. Rys, S. Konz, "Standing", Ergonomics, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 677-687, 1994.   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Occupational Health Clinics for Ontario Workers Inc., "Working on your feet", 2005.
32 J.W. Yates, W. Karwowski, "An electromyographic analysis of seated and standing lifting tasks", Ergonomics, Vol. 35, No. 7-8, pp. 889-898, 1992.   DOI   ScienceOn