Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.6109/jkiice.2021.25.11.1588

Performance Analysis of Multi-GNSS Positioning Accuracy with Code Pseudorange of Dual-Frequency Android Smartphone in Maritime Environment  

Seo, Kiyeol (Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering)
Kim, Youngki (Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering)
Jeon, Tae-Hyeong (Maritime PNT Research Office, Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering)
Son, Pyo-Woong (Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering / v.25, no.11, 2021 , pp. 1588-1595 More about this Journal
Abstract
Android-based smartphones receive the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals to determine their location and provide the GNSS raw measurement to users. The available GNSS signals on the current Android devices are GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, QZSS. This research has analyzed the performance of multi-GNSS position accuracy based on the pseudorange of the smartphone for maritime users. Smartphones capable of receiving dual-frequency are installed on a ship, and multi-GNSS raw information in maritime environment was measured to present the results of comparing the GNSS pseudorange-based dual-frequency positioning performance for each smarphone. Furthermore, we analyzed whether the results of the positioning performance can meet the HEA requirement of IMO for maritime navigation users. As the results of maritime experiment, it was confirmed that in the case of the smartphones supporting the dual-frequency, the position accuracy within 6 meters (95%) could be obtained, and the HEA position accuracy performance within 10 meters (95%) required by IMO could be achieved.
Keywords
Global navigation satellite system (GNSS); Android smarphone; Dual-frequency performance; IMO HEA;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 G. Li and J. Geng, "Characteristics of raw multi-GNSS measurement error from Google Android smart devices," GPS Solution, 2019.
2 E. Realini, S. Caldera, L. Pertusini, and D. Sampietro,, "Precise GNSS positioning using smart devices," Sensors, vol. 17, 2017.
3 NovAtel, TerraStar Global Services Levels [Internet]. Available: https://novatel.com/products/gps-gnss-correction-services/terrastar-correction-services.
4 U. Robustelli, J. Paziewski, and G. Pugliano, "Observation Quality Assessment and Performance of GNSS Standalone Positioning with Code Pseudorange of Dual-Frequency Android Smartphones," Sensors, vol. 21, 2021. doi: 10.3390/s21062125.   DOI
5 Android developer guide, Raw GNSS Measurements [Internet]. Available: https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/sensors/gnss.
6 GSA, "Using GNSS Raw Measurements on Android Devices," European Global Navigation Satellite Systems Agency (GSA), 2017.
7 GSA, "GNSS User Technology Report Issue 3," European Global Navigation Satellite Systems Agency (GSA), 2020.
8 IMO Resolution A.915 (22), Revised Maritime Policy and Requirements for a Future Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), International Maritime Organization (IMO), 2002.
9 T. Szot, C. Specht, M. Specht, and P. S. Dabrowski, "Comparative analysis of positioning accuracy of Samsung Galaxy smartphones in stationary measurements," PLOS ONE, 2019. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215562.   DOI
10 L. Wanninger and A. Hesselbarth, "GNSS code and carrier phase observations of a Huawei P30 smartphone: Quality assessment and centimeter-accurate positioning," GPS Solution, 2020.