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http://dx.doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2019.25.1.081

A Study on the Eco-Toxicity of Silicone-Based Antifoaming Agents Discharging into Marine Environments  

Kim, Tae Won (Marine Eco-Technology Institute)
Kim, Young Ryun (Marine Eco-Technology Institute)
Park, MiOk (Pukyong National University)
Jeon, MiHae (Pukyong National University)
Son, Min Ho (Marine Eco-Technology Institute)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety / v.25, no.1, 2019 , pp. 81-88 More about this Journal
Abstract
In order to understand the effects of the main components of antifoaming agents on the marine benthic ecosystem when silicone-based antifoaming agents are discharged into marine environments, eco-toxicity testing was performed on silicone and alcohol-based antifoaming agent by using benthic amphipod (Monocorophium acherusicum) and luminescent bacteria (Vibrio fischeri). The toxic effects of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a main component of silicone-based antifoaming agents on aquatic organisms were also researched. In the results of the eco-toxicity test, luminescent bacteria showed a maximum of 9 times more toxic effects than benthic amphipod for alcohol-based antifoaming agents, and silicone-based antifoaming agents showed a maximum of 400 times more toxic effects than alcohol-based. The $LC_{50}$ and $EC_{50}$ values of PDMS ranged from 10 to $44,500{\mu}g/L$ in phytoplankton, invertebrate, and fish. In the results of applying PBT (P: persistency, B: bioaccumulation, T: toxicity) characteristics as an index showing the qualitative characteristics of PDMS, persistency (P) and bioaccumulation (B) were confirmed. Thus, when PDMS is discharged to marine environments, it could accumulate in the upper trophic level through bioaccumulation and the food chain, which could have negative effects on benthic organisms. The results of this study may be used for objective and scientific risk assessment, considering the major components of antifoaming agents when investigating the effects of various discharged antifoaming agents in marine ecosystem.
Keywords
Antifoaming Agent; Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS); Eco-Toxicity Testing; $LC_{50}$; $EC_{50}$;
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