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http://dx.doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2016.22.7.829

A Comparative Study on the Use of Seawater and Sea Salt in Nutrient Elimination  

Cainglet, Annaliza Pabrua (Graduate School of Mokpo National Maritime University)
Kim, Woo-Hang (Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Mokpo National Maritime University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety / v.22, no.7, 2016 , pp. 829-835 More about this Journal
Abstract
An excess in the nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphate leads to a phenomenon called eutrophication. In order to avoid this, numerous methods have been used to remove excess nutrients in the water. In this study, the use of a chemical method was assessed through the formation of magnesium ammonium phosphate. The difference in the removal efficiency of seawater and sea salt solution as primary sources of $Mg^{2+}$ ions and $Ca^{2+}$ ions for the formation of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) respectively, were observed, taking into account the changes in pH and concentration. The results showed that seawater removed about 90 % phosphate and less than 50 % ammonia in sewage water condition, whereas the sea salt solution removed almost 90 % phosphate and 70 % ammonia in solution at pH 9 and 10 mM concentration of sea salt which further increases as the optimum ${Mg/PO_4}^{3-}$, ${NH_4}^+$ ratio reaches 2. The difference in the removal efficiency of seawater and sea salt was due to the fact that the set-ups were prepared in different conditions. This study suggests that both seawater and sea salt can be used to remove nutrients from the water. The relatively higher removal of phosphate can be explained by the formation of HAP from free $Ca^{2+}$ ions initially present in seawater and sea salt solution.
Keywords
Eutrophication; Hydroxyapatite; Struvite; Seawater; Sea salt; Magnesium ammonium phosphate;
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