Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.22704/ksee.2020.38.4.046

Anti-washout Grouts for Underwater Sealing of Karst Cavities and Construction Research Tendencies  

Baluch, Khaqan (전남대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Kim, Jung-Gyu (전남대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Kim, Jong-Gwan (전남대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Yu, Ji-Yun (전남대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Yang, Hyung-Sik (전남대학교 에너지자원공학과)
Publication Information
Explosives and Blasting / v.38, no.4, 2020 , pp. 46-52 More about this Journal
Abstract
Although anti-washout grouts are used extensively in underwater targets, major constraints continue to be associated with their use. These include poor bonding strength, poor pumpability, and loss of high strength in everyday engineering applications. In this study, based on the literature pertaining to self-compacted, non-dispersive, anti-washout grouts, a review of research trends in anti-washout grouts for underwater construction and sealing of karst cavities was carried out in order to determine the problems faced in this field. Grouts used under water suffer a loss of strength and bonding strength in comparison to grouts cast in air. Researchers are designing high-viscosity grouts to overcome the inrush of water and seal karst cavities; however, in doing so, they have inadvertently caused serious problems pertaining to the pumpability of these grouts and concretes in deep target locations. Thus, the majority of the anti-washout grouts and concretes that have been developed are not applicable to deep target environments, instead being suitable for only near-surface targets.
Keywords
Anti-washout cement grouts; Anti-dispersity; Underwater construction; Anti-washout admixtures(AWAs);
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Heniegal, A., 2012, Behaviour of underwater self compacted concrete, Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 1005-1023.
2 ASTM, 2020, Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens), ASTM C 109.
3 BSEN, 2019, Testing hardened concrete. Making and curing specimens for strength tests, BSEN 12390.
4 Bury, J. R. and H. Farzam, 1997, Laboratory Evaluation of a Unique Anti-Washout Admixture in Grouts, Symposium Paper, Vol. 173, pp. 445-474.
5 Cui, W., 2017, Development of two new anti-washout grouting materials using multi-way ANOVA in conjunction with Grey relational analysis, SCOPUS, Vol. 156, pp. 184-198.
6 Heniegal, A. M., A. A. El Salam Matty and I. S. Agwa, 2015, I. S. Simulation of the behavior of pressurized underwater concrete, Alex., Vol. 54, No. 2, pp. 183-195.
7 Hunicke, A. B., 1951, The valved-tremie applied to subaqueous concrete structures, Journal of the Franklin Institute, Vol. 252, Issue 2, pp. 105-136.   DOI
8 Khayat, K. H., and J. Assaad, 2003, Relationship between Washout Resistance and Theological Properties of High-Performance Underwater Concrete, ACI Mater. J., Vol. 100, No. 3, pp. 185-193.
9 Kim, U. G. and S. D. Cho, 2013, Strength Characteristics of the Anti-washout Grout Mixed with Coarse Fill Materials, KCI, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 25-33.
10 Maria Eugenia, P. R., 2018, Concrete Properties Comparison When Substituting a 25% Cement with Slag from Different Provenances, MDPI materials, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 1029.
11 Naik, T. R. and S. S. Singh, 1994, Permeability of concrete containing large amounts of fly ash, Cem. Concur. Res., Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 913-922.   DOI
12 ASTM, 1997, Standard Test Method for Flow Consistency of Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM), ASTM D 6103.
13 Zhang, J., S. Li, and Z. Li, 2016, Investigation and practical application of a new cementitious anti-washout grouting material, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 224, pp. 66-77.   DOI
14 Zhang, M. and L. k. Chen, 2015, Effect of main compositions of anti-washout admixture on paste, Materials Res. Innov., Vol. 19, pp. 191-194.