Browse > Article

Correlation between Post-Stroke Depression and Cold, Heat, Deficiency and Excess Patterns  

Lee, Il-Suk (Dept. of internal medicine and neuroscience, College of Korean Medicine, Won-Kwang university)
Park, Kee-Eon (Dept. of internal medicine and neuroscience, College of Korean Medicine, Won-Kwang university)
Hong, Hae-Jin (Dept. of internal medicine and neuroscience, College of Korean Medicine, Won-Kwang university)
Song, In-Ja (Dept. of Nursing, Gwang-Ju Womens University)
Sung, Kang-Keyng (Dept. of internal medicine and neuroscience, College of Korean Medicine, Won-Kwang university)
Lee, Sang-Kwan (Dept. of internal medicine and neuroscience, College of Korean Medicine, Won-Kwang university)
Publication Information
The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine / v.35, no.1, 2014 , pp. 50-58 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objectives : The aim of this study was to analyze relationship between post-stroke depression (PSD) and cold, heat, deficiency and excess patterns. Methods : Twenty-eight PSD patients were recruited from STROKE center and measured with questionnaires for cold, heat, deficiency and excess patternvalues and saliva for cortisol awakening response (CAR). Saliva samples were collected immediately, 15, 30 and 45 min after awakening. In addition, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) were conducted for PSD severity. We conducted correlation analysis to find the relationship between cold, heat, deficiency and excess patterns and CAR or BDI and HDRS. Results : Deficiency and excess patterns werepositively correlated with area under the curve with respect to the increase (AUCi), but not with area under the curve with respect to the global (AUCg), in CAR. Furthermore, it was negatively correlated with BDI and HDRS, while cold and heat patterns were not correlated with CAR, BDI and HDRS. Conclusions : In terms of deficiency and excess patterns, the higher the PSD severity, the higher the deficiency and the lower the PSD severity, the higher the excess. However, there was not a significant relationship between PSD and cold and heat patterns.
Keywords
Post-stroke depression; cortisol awakening response; deficiency and excess; cold and heat patterns;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 12  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Pruessner JC, Kirschbaum C, Meinlschmid G, Hellhammer DH. Two formulas for computation of the area under the curve represent measures of total hormone concentration versus timedependent change. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2003; 28(7):916-31.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol, Neurosurg, Psychiat 1960;23(1):56.   DOI
3 Ahn RS, Lee YJ, Choi JY, Kwon HB, Chun SI. Salivary cortisol and DHEA levels in the Korean population: age-related differences, diurnal rhythm, and correlations with serum levels. Yonsei Med J 2007 Jun 30;48(3):379-88.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 이상관. 청소년의 성별에 따른 Cortisol 분비의 일주기 차이 : 반복측정에 따른 Area Under the Curve 분석법 사용. 대한한방내과학회지 2010; 31(4):829-36.
5 Stetler C, Miller GE. Blunted cortisol response to awakening in mild to moderate depression: regulatory influences of sleep patterns and social contacts. J Abnorm Psychol 2005;114(4):697.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Huber TJ, Issa K, Schik G, Wolf OT. The psychotherapy inpatients suffering from depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2006;31(7):900-4.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Roberts AD, Wessely S, Chalder T, Papadopoulos A, Cleare AJ. Salivary cortisol response to awakening in chronic fatigue syndrome. Br J Psychiatry 2004;184(2):136-41.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Kuehner C, Holzhauer S, Huffziger S. Decreased cortisol response to awakening is associated with cognitive vulnerability to depression in a nonclinical sample of young adults. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007;32(2):199-209.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Marklund N, Peltonen M, Nilsson T, Olsson T. Low and high circulating cortisol levels predict mortality and cognitive dysfunction early after stroke. J Intern Med 2004;256(1):15-21.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Clow A, Thorn L, Evans P, Hucklebridge F. The awakening cortisol response: methodological issues and significance. Stress 2004;7(1):29-37.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Pruessner J, Wolf O, Hellhammer D, Buske- Kirschbaum A, Von Auer K, Jobst S, et al. Free cortisol levels after awakening: a reliable biological marker for the assessment of adrenocortical activity. Life Sci 1997;61(26):2539-49.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Neidert S, Katan M, Fluri F, Morgenthaler N, Schuetz P, Mueller B, et al. Cortisol as a prognostic marker of outcome in acute ischemic cerebrovascular events. Endocrine Abstracts 2009;20;OC3.6.
13 Reding M, Orto L, Willensky P, Fortuna I, Day N, Steiner SF, et al. The dexamethasone suppression test: an indicator of depression in stroke but not a predictor of rehabilitation outcome. Arch Neurol 1985;42(3):209.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 안규석. 논단 : 한의학의 변증체계와 그 내용. 동의병리학회지 1987;2(-):6-11.
15 테라사와카츠토시. 증례로 배우는 동서의학 초판: 군자출판사; 2005, p. 141-50.
16 전국한의과대학 병리학교실 편. 한방병리학. 서울: 일중사; 2004, p. 186-436.
17 강형원, 장현호, 강인선, 문형철, 황유진, 유영수. 우울증(憂鬱症)의 한방적(韓方的) 이해(理解)에 관한 문헌고찰(文獻考察). 동의신경정신과학회지 2001;12(2):1-15.
18 최산호, 임형문, 오재건, 임진영, 강형원, 김윤식, 등. 중풍 후 우울증의 변증안에 대한 전문가 델파이 조사. 동의생리병리학회지 2012;26(3):367-75.
19 Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561-71.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 김종성. 뇌졸중후 발생하는 감정장애: 우울, 불안, 감정조절장애, 분노조절장애, 그리고 피로. 대한신경과학회지 2005;23(1):1-8.
21 Pohjasvaara T, Vataja R, Leppavuori A, Kaste M, Erkinjuntti T. Depression is an independent predictor of poor long-term functional outcome post-stroke. Eur JNeurol 2001;8(4):315-9.
22 Robinson RG. Poststroke depression: prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and disease progression. Biol psychiatry 2003;54(3):376-87.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Kim P, Warren S, Madill H, Hadley M. Quality of life of stroke survivors. Qual Life Res 1999; 8(4):293-301.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 King RB. Quality of life after stroke. Stroke 1996;27(9):1467-72.   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Born J, Hansen K, Marshall L, Molle M, Fehm HL. Timing the end of nocturnal sleep. Nature 1999;397(6714):29-30.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Neau J-P, Ingrand P, Mouille-Brachet C, Rosier M-P, Couderq C, Alvarez A, et al. Functional recovery and social outcome after cerebral infarction in young adults. Cerebrovasc Dis 1998;8(5):296-302.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 이정훈, 박세진, 박상동. 뇌졸중후 우울증의 정도와 운동기능의 회복과의 상관관계에 대한 연구. 동의신경정신과학회지 2002;13(2):101-6.
28 한윤희. 임애진, 김성례, 김지영, 감경윤. 뇌졸중 후 우울변화가 인지 및 상지기능회복에 미치는 영향. 대한작업치료학회지 2011;19(2):39-51.
29 Schmidt-Reinwald A, Pruessner J, Hellhammer D, Federenko I, Rohleder N, Schürmeyer T, et al. The cortisol response to awakening in relation to different challenge tests and a 12-hour cortisol rhythm. Life Sci 1999;64(18):1653-60.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Hellhammer J, Fries E, Schweisthal O, Schlotz W, Stone A, Hagemann D. Several daily measurements are necessary to reliably assess the cortisol rise after awakening: state-and trait components. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007;32(1):80-6.   DOI   ScienceOn
31 유현희, 이혜정, 장은수, 최선미, 이성근, 이시우. 한열 변증 설문지 개발에 관한 연구. 동의생리병리학회지 2008;22(6):1410-5.
32 이정아, 이재혁, 임승만, 박상동. 뇌졸중 후 우울증과 일상생활 수행능력과의 상관관계. 동의신경정신과학회지 2000;11(2):149-54.
33 나병조, 정재한, 최창민, 홍진우, 김태훈, 이준우, 등. 중풍 후 우울증에 대한 반하후박탕의 유효성 및 적응증 평가. 대한한방내과학회지 2005;26(3) :563-74.
34 선종주, 정세연, 황재웅, 김석민, 정재한, 최창민, 등. 중풍 후 우울증 환자에 대한 향기침요법의 임상적 연구. 대한한방내과학회지 2006;27(2):480-7.
35 제준태, 이상관. 뇌졸중 후 우울증에 대한 황련 해독탕 약침의 안전성 및 유효성 평가를 위한 임상 시험. 대한약침학회지 2010;13(2):67-73.
36 최지혜, 김래희, 윤종민, 문병순. 뇌졸중 후 우울증 침치료의 임상연구에 대한 고찰. 동의생리병리학회지 2011;25(6):1119-28.
37 Han H, Wu LM, Yang WM, Wang MX, Tang JJ, Wang H, et al. Characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in post-stroke depression. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao 2010; 8(5):427-31.   DOI   ScienceOn
38 Lieb K, Rexhausen JE, Kahl KG, Schweiger U, Philipsen A, Helhammer DH, et al. Increased diurnal salivary cortisol in women with borderline personality disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2004;38(6) :559-65.   DOI   ScienceOn
39 Balodis IM, Wynne-Edwards KE, Olmstead MC. The other side of the curve: examining the relationship between pre-stressor physiological responses and stress reactivity. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2010; 35(9):1363-73.   DOI   ScienceOn
40 Schulz P, Kirschlbaum C, Pruszner J, Hellhammer D. Increased free cortisol secretion after awakening in chronically stressed individuals due to work overload. Stress Med 1998;14(2):91-7.   DOI   ScienceOn
41 Wirtz PH, Elsenbruch S, Emini L, Rüdisüli K, Groessbauer S, Ehlert U. Perfectionism and the cortisol response to psychosocial stress in men. Psychosom Med 2007;69(3):249-55.   DOI   ScienceOn
42 Wolf OT, Fujiwara E, Luwinski G, Kirschbaum C, Markowitsch HJ. No morning cortisol response in patients with severe global amnesia. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005;30(1):101-5.   DOI   ScienceOn
43 조혜숙, 배경미. 한열허실(寒熱虛實) 변증(辨證) 진단(診斷) 설문지의 개발에 대한 연구. 동의생리병리학회지 2009;23(2):288-93.
44 Fekedulegn DB, Andrew ME, Burchfiel CM, Violanti JM, Hartley TA, Charles LE, et al. Area under the curve and other summary indicators of repeated waking cortisol measurements. Psychosom Med 2007;69(7):651-9.   DOI   ScienceOn
45 Edwards S, Clow A, Evans P, Hucklebridge F. Exploration of the awakening cortisol response in relation to diurnal cortisol secretory activity. Life Sci 2001;68(18):2093-103.   DOI   ScienceOn
46 Kirschbaum C, Wüst S, Strasburger C. 'Normal' cigarette smoking increases free cortisol in habitual smokers. Life Sci 1992;50(6):435-42.   DOI   ScienceOn
47 Kauhanen M-L, Korpelainen J, Hiltunen P, Brusin E, Mononen H, Maatta R, et al. Poststroke depression correlates with cognitive impairment and neurological deficits. Stroke 1999;30(9):1875-80.   DOI   ScienceOn
48 Youn J-I, Sung K-K, Song B-K, Kim M, Lee S. Effects of Electro-Acupuncture Therapy on Post-Stroke Depression in Patients with Different Degrees of Motor Function Impairments: a Pilot Study. J Phys Ther Sci 2013;25(6):725.   DOI   ScienceOn
49 Saban KL, Mathews HL, Bryant FB, O'Brien TE, Janusek LW. Depressive Symptoms and Diurnal Salivary Cortisol Patterns Among Female Caregivers of Stroke Survivors. Biol Res Nurs 2012;14(4):396-404.   DOI   ScienceOn