Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5658/WOOD.2019.47.2.178

Conditions for Preparing Glycyrrhiza uralensis Extract for Inhibiting Biofilm Formation of Streptococcus mutans  

Ham, Youngseok (Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University)
Kim, Tae-Jong (Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology / v.47, no.2, 2019 , pp. 178-188 More about this Journal
Abstract
Licorice, which has an extensive history of use as an herbal medicine, has been suggested to have oral health benefits. However, to date, no systematic study has been conducted on the preparation method of licorice extracts for oral health. In this study, licorice extracts prepared using water and ethanol were investigated for its ability to inhibit the biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans. The licorice extract prepared with around 60% ethanol effectively inhibited the biofilm formation of S. mutans. Licorice extracted with 50% ethanol almost completely inhibited the biofilm formation at 1.5 g/L of licorice extract. This inhibitory activity was confirmed in a microplate assay and a flow cell system. Glycyrrhetic acid was extracted from licorice effectively with 60% ethanol concentration. The strong inhibitory activity of glycyrrhetic acid and the synergistic inhibition with glycyrrhizin on biofilm formation were suggested as major reasons for a concentration-specific extraction. These results suggest that licorice extract prepared using around 60% ethanol effectively inhibits the biofilm formation of S. mutans.
Keywords
licorice; ethanol extract; biofilm; Streptococcus mutans; glycyrrhetic acid;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kim, J.-W., Um, M., Lee, J.-W. 2018. Antioxidant activities of hot water extracts from different parts of Rugosa rose (Rosa rugosa Thunb.). Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology 46(1): 38-47.   DOI
2 Kim, S.-H., Lee, S.-Y., Cho, S.-M., Hong, C.-Y., Park, S.-Y., Park, M.-J., Choi, I.-G. 2017. Antioxidant activities of Cryptomeria japonica leaves extracts by extraction methods. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology 45(5): 495-510.   DOI
3 Kondo, K., Shiba, M., Nakamura, R., Morota, T., Shoyama, Y. 2007. Constituent properties of licorices derived from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, G. glabra, or G. inflata identified by genetic information. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 30(7): 1271-1277.   DOI
4 Krzysciak, W., Jurczak, A., Koscielniak, D., Bystrowska, B., Skalniak, A. 2014. The virulence of Streptococcus mutans and the ability to form biofilms. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 33(4): 499-515.   DOI
5 Lau, D., Plotkin, B. 2013. Antimicrobial and biofilm effects of herbs used in traditional chinese medicine. Natural Product Communications 8(11): 1617-1620.
6 Loesche, W.J. 1986. Role of Streptococcus mutans in human dental decay. Microbiological Reviews 50(4): 353-380.   DOI
7 Messier, C., Grenier, D. 2011. Effect of licorice compounds licochalcone A, glabridin and glycyrrhizic acid on growth and virulence properties of Candida albicans. Mycoses 54(6): e801-e806.   DOI
8 Messier, C., Epifano, F., Genovese, S., Grenier, D. 2012. Licorice and its potential beneficial effects in common oro-dental diseases. Oral Diseases 18(1): 32-39.   DOI
9 Momeni, A., Rahimian, G., Kiasi, A., Amiri, M., Kheiri, S. 2014. Effect of licorice versus bismuth on eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with peptic ulcer disease. Pharmacognosy Research 6(4): 341-344.   DOI
10 Nam, J.B., Oh, G.H., Yang, S.M., Lee, S.-E., Kang, S.-G. 2018. Evaluation of antioxidant activities of water extract from microwave torrefied oak wood. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology 46(2): 178-188.   DOI
11 Nitalikar, M., Munde, K., Dhore, B., Shikalgar, S. 2010. Studies of antibacterial activities of Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract. International Journal of PharmTech Research 2(1): 899-901.
12 Park, Y.K., Lee, W.Y., Park, S.Y., Ahn, J.K., Han, M.S. 2005. Anticariogenic activity of Callistemon citrinus extract against Streptococcus mutans. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology 33(2): 72-77.
13 Rosan, B., Lamont, R.J. 2000. Dental plaque formation. Microbes and Infection 2(13): 1599-1607.   DOI
14 Ren, Z., Chen, L.L., Li, J.Y., Li, Y.Q. 2016. Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans polysaccharide synthesis by molecules targeting glycosyltransferase activity. Journal of Oral Microbiology 8: 31095.   DOI
15 Rodino, S., Butu, A., Butu, M., Cornea, P.C. 2015. Comparitive studies on antibacterial activity of licorice, elderberry and dandelion. Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 10(3): 947-955.
16 Rohinishree, Y.S., Negi, P.S. 2016. Effect of licorice extract on cell viability, biofilm formation and exotoxin production by Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Food Science and Technology 53(2): 1092-1100.   DOI
17 Scannapieco, F.A. 1999. Role of oral bacteria in respiratory infection. Journal of Periodontology 70(7): 793-802.   DOI
18 Segal, R., Pisanty, S., Wormser, R., Azaz, E., Sela, M.N. 1985. Anticariogenic activity of licorice and glycyrrhizine I: Inhibition of in vitro plaque formation by Streptococcus mutans. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 74(1): 79-81.   DOI
19 Ahn, S.J., Cho, E.J., Kim, H.J., Park, S.N., Lim, Y.K., Kook, J.K. 2012. The antimicrobial effects of deglycyrrhizinated licorice root extract on Streptococcus mutans UA159 in both planktonic and biofilm cultures. Anaerobe 18(6): 590-596.   DOI
20 Ahn, S.J., Ahn, S.J., Wen, Z.T., Brady, L.J., Burne, R.A. 2008. Characteristics of biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans in the presence of saliva. Infection and Immunity 76(9): 4259-4268.   DOI
21 Berbari, E.F., Cockerill, F.R., Steckelberg, J.M. 1997. Infective endocarditis due to unusual or fastidious microorganisms. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 72(6): 532-542.   DOI
22 Sharma, H., Yunus, G., Agrawal, R., Kalra, M., Verma, S., Bhattar, S. 2016. Antifungal efficacy of three medicinal plants Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ficus religiosa, and Plantago major against oral Candida albicans: A comparative analysis. Indian Journal of Dental Research 27(4): 433-436.   DOI
23 Ajagannanavar, S.L., Battur, H., Shamarao, S., Sivakumar, V., Patil, P.U., Shanavas, P. 2014. Effect of aqueous and alcoholic licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus in comparison to chlorhexidine: An in vitro study. Journal of International Oral Health 6(4): 29-34.
24 Al-Turki, A.I., El-Ziney, M.G., Abdel-Salam, A.M. 2008. Chemical and anti-bacterial characterization of aqueous extracts of oregano, marjoram, sage and licorice and their application in milk and labneh. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment 6(1): 39-44.
25 Almaz, M.E., Sonmez, I.S., Okte, Z., Oba, A.A. 2017. Efficacy of a sugar-free herbal lollipop for reducing salivary Streptococcus mutans levels: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical Oral Investigations 21(3): 839-845.   DOI
26 Beck, J., Garcia, R., Heiss, G., Vokonas, P.S., Offenbacher, S. 1996. Periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. Journal of Periodontology 67(10 Suppl): 1123-1137.   DOI
27 Wang, J., Chen, X., Wang, W., Zhang, Y., Yang, Z., Jin, Y., Ge, H.M., Li, E., Yang, G. 2013. Glycyrrhizic acid as the antiviral component of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. against coxsackievirus A16 and enterovirus 71 of hand foot and mouth disease. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 147(1): 114-121.   DOI
28 Shen, H., Zeng, G., Sun, B., Cai, X., Bi, L., Tang, G., Yang, Y. 2015. A polysaccharide from Glycyrrhiza inflata licorice inhibits proliferation of human oral cancer cells by inducing apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway. Tumor Biology 36(6): 4825-4831.   DOI
29 Shin-ichi, T., Jacynthe, D., Chantal, B., Stefan, G., Jacquelyn, R.V., Daniel, G. 2012. Reduction of bacterial volatile sulfur compound production by licoricidin and licorisoflavan A from licorice. Journal of Breath Research 6(1): 016006.   DOI
30 Touyz, L.Z.G. 2009. Liquorice health check, oro-dental implications, and a case report. Case Reports in Medicine 2009: 170735.   DOI
31 Wang, L., Yang, R., Yuan, B., Liu, Y., Liu, C. 2015. The antiviral and antimicrobial activities of licorice, a widely-used Chinese herb. Acta pharmaceutica Sinica B 5(4): 310-315.   DOI
32 Wang, Y.C., Yang, Y.S. 2007. Simultaneous quantification of flavonoids and triterpenoids in licorice using HPLC. Journal of Chromatography B 850(1-2): 392-399.   DOI
33 Seleem, D., Benso, B., Noguti, J., Pardi, V., Murata, R.M. 2016. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of lichochalcone-A against Candida albicans biofilms. PLoS ONE 11(6): e0157188.   DOI
34 Fukuchi, K., Okudaira, N., Adachi, K., Odai-Ide, R., Watanabe, S., Ohno, H., Yamamoto, M., Kanamoto, T., Terakubo, S., Nakashima, H., Uesawa, Y., Kagaya, H., Sakagami, H. 2016. Antiviral and antitumor activity of licorice root extracts. In Vivo 30(6): 777-785.   DOI
35 Welin-Neilands, J., Svensater, G. 2007. Acid tolerance of biofilm cells of Streptococcus mutans. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73(17): 5633-5638.   DOI
36 Yu, I.C., Tsai, Y.-F., Fang, J.-T., Yeh, M.-M., Fang, J.-Y., Liu, C.-Y. 2016. Effects of mouthwash interventions on xerostomia and unstimulated whole saliva flow rate among hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled study. International Journal of Nursing Studies 63: 9-17.   DOI
37 Bowen, W.H., Koo, H. 2011. Biology of Streptococcus mutans-derived glucosyltransferases: Role in extracellular matrix formation of cariogenic biofilms. Caries Research 45(1): 69-86.   DOI
38 Buduneli, N., Baylas, H., Buduneli, E., Turkoglu, O., Kose, T., Dahlen, G. 2005. Periodontal infections and pre-term low birth weight: A case-control study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 32(2): 174-181.   DOI
39 Chakotiya, A.S., Tanwar, A., Narula, A., Sharma, R.K. 2016. Alternative to antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra on membrane permeability and inhibition of efflux activity and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its in vitro time-kill activity. Microbial Pathogenesis 98: 98-105.   DOI
40 Dewhirst, F.E., Chen, T., Izard, J., Paster, B.J., Tanner, A.C., Yu, W.H., Lakshmanan, A., Wade, W.G. 2010. The human oral microbiome. Journal of Bacteriology 192(19): 5002-5017.   DOI
41 Gong, H., Zhang, B.-K., Yan, M., Fang, P.-F., Li, H.-D., Hu, C.-P., Yang, Y., Cao, P., Jiang, P., Fan, X.-R. 2015. A protective mechanism of licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis): Isoliquiritigenin stimulates detoxification system via Nrf2 activation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 162: 134-139.   DOI
42 Hwang, J.-K., Shim, J.-S., Chung, J.-Y. 2004. Anticariogenic activity of some tropical medicinal plants against Streptococcus mutans. Fitoterapia 75(6): 596-598.   DOI
43 Gupta, V.K., Fatima, A., Faridi, U., Negi, A.S., Shanker, K., Kumar, J.K., Rahuja, N., Luqman, S., Sisodia, B.S., Saikia, D., Darokar, M.P., Khanuja, S.P.S. 2008. Antimicrobial potential of Glycyrrhiza glabra roots. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 116(2): 377-380.   DOI
44 Ham, Y., Kim, T.-J. 2018. Plant extracts inhibiting biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans without antibiotic activity. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology 46(6): 692-702.   DOI
45 He, J., Chen, L., Heber, D., Shi, W., Lu, Q.-Y. 2006. Antibacterial compounds from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Journal of Natural Products 69(1): 121-124.   DOI
46 Huang, R.J., Li, M.Y., Gregory, R.L. 2011. Bacterial interactions in dental biofilm. Virulence 2(5): 435-444.   DOI
47 Hum, C.-H., He, J., Eckert, R., Wu, X.-Y., Li, L.-N., Tian, Y., Lux, R., Shuffer, J.A., Gelman, F., Mentes, J., Spackman, S., Bauer, J., Anderson, M.H., Shi, W.-Y. 2011. Development and evaluation of a safe and effective sugar-free herbal lollipop that kills cavity-causing bacteria. International Journal of Oral Science 3(1): 13-20.   DOI
48 Isbrucker, R.A., Burdock, G.A. 2006. Risk and safety assessment on the consumption of Licorice root (Glycyrrhiza sp.), its extract and powder as a food ingredient, with emphasis on the pharmacology and toxicology of glycyrrhizin. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 46(3): 167-192.   DOI
49 Jalilzadeh-Amin, G., Najarnezhad, V., Anassori, E., Mostafavi, M., Keshipour, H. 2015. Antiulcer properties of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. extract on experimental models of gastric ulcer in mice. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 14(4): 1163-1170.
50 Jain, E., Pandey, R., Khanna, R. 2013. Liquorice root extracts as potent cariostatic agents in pediatric practice. The Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 31(3): 146-152.   DOI
51 Karahan, F., Avsar, C., Ozyigit, I.I., Berber, I. 2016. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra var. glandulifera from different habitats. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 30(4): 797-804.   DOI