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Cholesterol inhibitory activities of kaempferol and quercetin isolated from Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum  

Lee, Sung-Suk (Korea Forest Research Institute)
Moon, Seo-Hyun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University)
Lee, Hak-Ju (Korea Forest Research Institute)
Choi, Don-Ha (Korea Forest Research Institute)
Cho, Myung-Haing (College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology / v.32, no.1, 2004 , pp. 17-27 More about this Journal
Abstract
Cholesterol inhibitory activity was investigated to develop the functional food from edible forest resources such as Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum and other 12 species. Among tested samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA), leaf extracts of A. victorialis var. platyphyllum inhibited 73.9% of the activities of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) which is the highly regulated and major rate-limiting of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Moreover, those extracts inhibited 76.7% of squalene synthase which catalyzes the head-to-head condensation of two farnesyl pyrophosphate molecules to form squalene in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. In order to find out the compounds which would play a key role in inhibitory activity of cholesterol, kaempferol and quercetin were isolated from the dichloromethane soluble fraction of extracts of A. victorialis var. platyphyllum. Kampferol, quercetin and each soluble fraction was also subjected to the test of the mRNA expression of HMG-CoA reductase and squalene synthase by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, respectively. By treating both enzymes with 10 ㎍/㎖ of kaempferol and quercetin for 24 hours, respectively, the mRNA expression was not observed, suggesting that both compounds inhibited the biosynthesis of cholesterol at mRNA level. In this regard, it could be inferred that cholesterol inhibitory activity of A. victorialis var. platyphyllum was derived from kaempferol and quercetin. Both compounds have already been found in many plant extracts including hardwood and softwood, but it might be first known that they have cholesterol inhibitory activity.
Keywords
Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum; cholesterol inhibitory activity; HMG-Co A reductase; squalene synthase; kampferol; quercetin;
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