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http://dx.doi.org/10.17663/JWR.2020.22.2.161

Development of a Multifunctional Design Concept to Improve Constructed Wetland Performance  

Reyes, N.J.D.G. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
Choi, H.S. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
Kim, L.H. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Wetlands Research / v.22, no.2, 2020 , pp. 161-170 More about this Journal
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are widely used to solve water quality problems caused by diffuse pollution from agricultural areas; however, phytoplankton blooms in CW systems can occur due to long hydraulic retention time (HRT), high nutrient loading, and exposure to sunlight. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of a CW designed to treat agricultural diffuse pollution and develop a design concept to improve the nature-based capabilities of the system. Monitoring was conducted to assess contribution of individual wetland components (i.e. water, sediments, and plants) in the treatment performance of the system. During dry days, the turbidity and particulates concentration in the CW increased by 80 to 197% and 10 to 87%, respectively, due to the excessive growth of phytoplankton. On storm events, the concentration of particulates, organics, and nutrients were reduced by 43% to 70%, 22% to 49%, and 15% to 69% due to adequate water circulation and constant flushing of pollutants in the system. Based on the results, adequate water circulation is necessary to improve the performance of the CW. Free water surface CWs are usually designed to have a constant water level; however, the climate in South Korea is characterized by distinct dry and rainy seasons, which may not be suitable for this conventional design. This study presented a concept of multifunctional design in order to solve current CW design problems and improve the flood control, water quality management, and environmental functions of the facility.
Keywords
Constructed wetland design; macrophytes; nature-based solution; sediments; water quality;
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