Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.17663/JWR.2013.15.2.215

Evaluation on the nutrient concentration changes along the flow path of a free surface flow constructed wetland in agricultural area  

Mercado, Jean Margaret R. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
Maniquiz-Redillas, Marla C. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
Kim, Lee-Hyung (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Wetlands Research / v.15, no.2, 2013 , pp. 215-222 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, the nutrient concentration changes along the hydrologic flow path of a free water surface flow constructed wetland (CW) treating agricultural stream runoff was investigated. Dry sampling was performed from April 2009 to November 2011 at five locations representing each treatment units of the CW. Grab water samples were analyzed for nitrogen forms such as total nitrogen (TN), total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrate, and ammonium; and phosphorus forms including total phosphorus (TP) and phosphate. Findings revealed that the physical properties such as temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH affected the TP retention in the CW. High nutrient reduction was observed after passing the first sedimentation zone indicating the importance of settling process in the retention of nutrients. However, it was until the 85% of the length of the CW where nutrient retention was greatest indicating the deposition of nutrients at the alternating shallow and deep marshes. TN and TP concentration seemed to increase at the final sedimentation zone (FSZ) suggesting a possible nutrient source in this segment of the CW. It was therefore recommended to reduce or possibly remove the FSZ in the CW for an optimum performance, smaller spatial allocation and lesser construction expenses for similar systems.
Keywords
Constructed wetland; Wetland Design; Free water surface flow; Nutrient behavior;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Cameron, K., Madramootoo, C., Crolla, A. and Kinsley, C. (2003). Pollutant removal from municipal sewage lagoon effluents with a free-surface wetland, Water Research, 37(12), pp. 2803-2812.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Carpenter, S. R., Caraco, N. F., Correll, D. L. and Howarth, R. W. (1998). Nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen, Ecological Applications, 8(3), pp. 559-568.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Cho, J. Y. (2003). Seasonal runoff estimation of N and P in a paddy field of central Korea, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 65(1), pp. 43-52.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 DeBusk, T. A. and DeBusk, W. F. (2001). Wetlands for Water Treatment, Applied wetlands science and technology: Boca Raton, Forida, Lewis Publishers, pp. 241-280.
5 Diaz, F. J., O'Geen, A. T. and Dahlgren, R. A. (2012). Agricultural pollutant removal by constructed wetlands: Implications for water management and design, Agricultural Water Management, 104, pp. 171-183.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Dunne, E. J., Culleton, N., O'Donovan, G., Harrington, R. and Olsen, A. E. (2005). An integrated constructed wetland to treat contaminants and nutrients from dairy farmyard dirty water, Ecological Engineering, 24(3), pp. 221-234.
7 Greenberg, A. E., Clesceri, L. S. and Eaton, A. D. (1992). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, American Public Health Association (APHA), 18th edn.
8 Ice, G. and Binkley, D. (2003). Forest streamwater concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus: A comparison with EPAs proposed water quality criteria, Journal of Forestry, 101(1), pp. 21-28.
9 Jang, T. I., Kim, H. K., Seong, C. H., Lee, E. J. and Park, S. W. (2012). Assessing nutrient losses of reclaimed wastewater irrigation in paddy fields for sustainable agriculture, Agriculture Water Management, 104, pp. 235-243.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Kadlec, R. H. and Reddy, K. R. (2001). Temperature effects in treatment wetlands, Water Environment Research, 73(5), pp.543-557.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Kadlec, R. H. and Wallace, S. D. (2009). Treatment Wetlands. CRC Press Boca Raton.
12 Kayranli, B., Scholz, M., Mustafa, A., Hofmann, O. and Harrington, R. (2010). Performance evaluation of integrated constructed wetlands treating domestic wastewater, Water, Air & Soil Pollution, 210, pp. 435-451.   DOI
13 Kang, C., Lee, S. Y., Cho, H. J., Lee, Y., Kim, L. H. (2011). Test-bed evaluation of developed small constructed wetland for using in urban areas, J. of Wetlands Research, 13(3), pp. 455-463 [Korean Literature].
14 Kim, K. J., Kim, J. S., Kim, L. H., Yang, K. C. (2012). Characteristics of nutrient uptake by aquatic plant in constructed wetlands for treating livestock wastewater, J. of Wetlands Research, 14(1), pp. 121-130 [Korean Literature].
15 Lee, C. G., Fletcher, T. D. and Sun, G. (2009). Nitrogen removal in constructed wetland systems, Engineering in Life Sciences, 9(1), pp. 11-22.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Maniquiz, M. C., Choi, J. Y., Lee, S. Y., Kang, C. G. and Kim, L. H. (2012). System design and treatment efficiency of a surface flow constructed wetland receiving runoff impacted stream water, Water Science and Technology, 65(3), 525-532.   DOI
17 Lee, J. Y., Kang, C, Lee, S. Y., Kim, L. H. (2011). Application of free water surface constructed wetland for NPS control in livestock watershed area, J. of Wetlands Research, 13(3), pp. 481-488 [Korean Literature].
18 Lu, S., Zhang, P., Jin, X., Xiang, C., Gui, M., Zhang, J. and Li, F. (2009). Nitrogen removal from agricultural runoff by full-scale constructed wetland in China, Hydrobiologia, 621(1), pp. 115-126.   DOI
19 Maltias-Landry, G., Maranger, R., Brisson, J. and Chazarenc, F. (2009). Nitrogen transformations and retention in planted and artificially aerated constructed wetlands, Water Research, 43(2), pp. 535-545.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Nyenje, P. M., Foppen, J. W., Uhlenbrook, S., Kulabako, R. and Muwanga, A. (2010). Eutrophication and nutrient release in urban areas of sub-Saharan Africa, Science of the Total Environment, 408(3), pp. 447-455.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Reddy, K. R., Kaldec, R. H., Flaig, E. and Gale, P. M. (1999). Phosphorus retention in streams and wetlands: A review, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 29(1), pp. 83-146.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Sirivedhin, T., and Gray, K. A. (2006). Factors affecting denitrification rates in experimental wetlands: Field and laboratory studies, Ecological Engineering, 26(2), pp. 167-181.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Tousignant, E., Fankhauser, O., Hurd, S. and Stantec Consulting Ltd. Research and Technology Transfer Group. (1999). Guidance manual for the design, construction and operations of constructed wetlands for rural applications in Ontario. Canada Program of the Agricultural Adaptation Council, Ontario.
24 Vymazal, J. (2005). Natural and constructed wetlands: nutrients, metals and management, Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.
25 Vymazal, J. (2007). Removal of nutrients in various types of constructed wetlands, Science of the Total Environment, 380(1), pp. 48-65.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Yoon, C. G. (2009). Wise use of paddy rice fields to partially compensate for the loss of natural wetlands, Paddy and Water Environment, 7(4), pp. 357-366.   DOI
27 Water Management Information System (WAMIS) (2012). http://www.wamis.go.kr/ENG/WKE_TCLQBB_LST.ASPX. [Korean Literature]
28 Watson, J. T., Reed, S. C., Kadlec, R. H., Knight, R. L. and Whitehouse, A. E. (1989). Performance expectations and loading rates for constructed wetlands, In: Hammer, D.A. (ed.), Constructed wetlands for Wastewater Treatment. Municipal, Industrial and Agricultural, pp. 319-658.
29 Wu, H., Zhang J., Wei, R. and Liang, S. (2012). Nitrogen transformations and balance in constructed wetlands for slightly polluted river water treatment using different macrophytes, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 20(1), pp. 443-451.
30 Zhang, J., Huang, X., Shi, H. and Hu, H. (2005). Nitrogen removal enhanced by intermittent operation in a subsurface wastewater infiltration system, Ecological Engineering, 25(4), pp. 419-428.   DOI   ScienceOn