Browse > Article

An Algorithm for Variable Step-Size Improving Steady-State Performance of Blind Equalization  

Oh, Kil-Nam (광주대학교 광통신공학과)
Abstract
For blind equalization algorithms with excellent convergence characteristics, the steady-state performance is not the case. In this paper, for blind equalization, as a way to solve the problems of the methods commonly used to improve the steady-state performance, a scheme for variable step-size is proposed. In the proposed approach, as the equalizer converges to steady-state, the step-size is varied, and is decreased consistently as iteration proceeds in the steady-state. The proposed algorithm has improved the steady-state performance of the equalizer without compromising the initial convergence characteristics of the equalizer. The proposed method, applied to the algorithms with good blind convergence characteristics, is fit to improve the steady-state performance as well as making it easier to be combined with other algorithms by improving its steady-state performance. The proposed idea is applied to the constant modulus algorithm (CMA), then its performance improvement is confirmed under multipath propagation channel and higher-order QAM constellations.
Keywords
blind equalization; steady-state performance; variable step-size; CMA;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 C.A.R. Fernandes, J.C.M. Mota, and G. Favier, "Decision directed algorithms for blind equalization based on constant modulus criteria", in Proc. GRETSI, 2005.
2 F.C.C. De Castro, M.C.F. De Castro, and D.S. Arantes, "Concurrent blind deconvolution for channel equalization", in Proc. IEEE ICC, Helsinki, Finland, Vol. 2, pp. 366-371, June 2001.
3 S. Chen and E.S. Chng, "Concurrent constant modulus algorithm and soft decision directed scheme for fractionally-spaced blind equalization", in Proc. IEEE ICC, Paris, France, Vol. 4, pp. 2342-2346, June 2004.
4 S.G. Lim, "The performance comparison of CR-CMA and CM-CMA adaptive equalization in 16-QAM signal", Journal of IWIT, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 115-122, June 2011.
5 J. Arenas-Garcia and A.R. Figueiras-Vidal, "Improved blind equalization via adaptive combination of constant modulus algorithms", in Proc. IEEE ICASSP, Vol. 3, May 2006.
6 W. Xue, X. Yang, and Z. Zhang, "A variable step size algorithm for blind equalization of QAM signals", in Proc. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium, Cambridge, USA, pp. 271-275, 2010.
7 A.L. Swindlehurst, "Normalized adaptive decision directed equalization", IEEE Signal Processing Letters, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 18-20, Jan. 1998.   DOI
8 K. Shahzad, M. Ashraf, and R. Iqbal, "Improved blind equalization scheme using variable step size constant modulus algorithm", in Proc. 7th WSEAS Int. Conf. Signal Processing, Computational Geometry & Artificial Vision, Athens, Greece, pp. 86-90, Aug. 2007.
9 K. Banovic, E. Abdel-Raheem, and M.A.S. Khalid, "Hybrid methods for blind adaptive equalization: new results and comparisons", in Proc. ISCC, pp. 275-280, June 2005.
10 S.C. Bateman and S.Y. Ameen, "Comparison of algorithms for use in adaptive adjustment of digital data receivers", IEE Proc., Pt. I, Vol. 137, No. 2, pp. 85-96, 1990.