Browse > Article

Preparation of Poly(butyl methacrylate) Composite Beads containing Carbon Black by Suspension Polymerization  

Moon, Ji-Yeon (Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Suwon)
Park, Moon-Soo (Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Suwon)
Publication Information
Elastomers and Composites / v.43, no.3, 2008 , pp. 157-165 More about this Journal
Abstract
Suspension polymerization was carried out to synthesize poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) composite particles containing carbon black. Water was selected as a reaction medium, hydrophobic silica as a stabilizer and azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. Concentration of stabilizer was varied from 0.67 to 2.55 weight% with respect to the water, and that of initiator was varied from 0.25 to 3.00 weight% with respect to the butyl methacrylate (BMA) monomer. All polymerization reactions were conducted at 75$^{\circ}C$. It is found that stabilizer concentration has no impact on reaction kinetics, while an increase in initiator concentration enhances polymerization reaction rate. Increase of carbon black concentration from 1 to 3 to 5 wt% into PBMA displayed progressive decrease in reaction conversion. The particle diameter of PBMA composite particles containing carbon black was found to be between 5 and 30 ${\mu}m$. Glass transition was determined to range from 23.8 to 24.7$^{\circ}C$, irrespective of variation in the concentration of stabilizer, initiator or carbon black.
Keywords
hydrophobic silica; suspension polymerization; carbon black; poly(butyl methacrylate); polymer composite particles;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 R. W. Simms and M. F. Cunningham, "Reverse Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Butyl Methacrylate in a Miniemulsion Stabilized with Cationic Sulfactant", J. Polym. Sci.: Part A: Polym. Chem., 44, 1628 (2006)   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Z. Xu, C. Yi, G. Lu, J. Zhang, and S. Cheng, "Styrene-Butyl Acrylate-N,N-Dimethyl N-Butyl NMethacrylamidino Propyl Ammonium Bromide Emulsifier-free Emulsion Copolymeization", Polym. Inter., 44, 149 (1997)   DOI   ScienceOn
3 A. J. Paine, "Dispersion Polymerization of Styrene in Polar Solvents. IV. Solvency Control of Particle Size from Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Stabilized Polymerizations", J. Polym. Sci.: Part A: Polym. Chem, 28, 2485 (1990)   DOI
4 Y. Taguchi, K. Hosogai, and M. Tanaka, "Effect of Dry Powder Preparation Conditions on Polymer Particles in Suspension Polymerization", J. Nihon Chem. Eng., 25-5, 758 (1999)
5 M. Z. Yates, E. R. Birnbaum, and T. M. McCleskey, "Colored Polymer Microparticles through Carbon Dioxide-Assisted Dyeing", Langmuir, 16-11, 4757 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
6 D. Horak, F. Svec, and J. M. J. Frechet, "Preparation of Colored Poly(styrene-co-butyl methacrylate) Micrometer Size Beads with Narrow Size Distribution by Dispersion Polymerization in Presence of Dyes", J. Polym. Sci.: Part A: Polym. Chem, 33, 2961 (1995)   DOI
7 Mitsubishi Chemical, "Mitsubishi Carbon Black"(2005)
8 Nippon Aerosil Co., LtD., "Introduction of Aerosil Products" (2005)
9 D. Horak, F. Svec, and J. M. J. Frechet, "Preparation and Contral of Sulface Properties of Monodisperse Micrometer Size Beads by Dispersion Copolymerization of styrene and Butyl Methacrylate in Polar Media", J. Polym. Sci.: Part A: Polym. Chem, 33, 2329 (1995)   DOI   ScienceOn
10 K. Takahashi, S. Miyamori, H. Uyama abd S. Kobayashi, "Preparation of Micron-Size Monodisperse Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Particles by Dispersion Polymerization", J. Polym. Sci.: Part A: Polym. Chem, 34, 175 (1996)   DOI
11 R. Cuervo-Rodriguez, C. Fernandez-Monreal and E. L. Madruga, "Kinetic Study of the Stable Free-radical Copolymerization of Styrene with Butyl Methacrylate", J. Polym. Sci.: Part A: Polym. Chem, 40, 2750 (2002)   DOI   ScienceOn
12 J. L. Guillaume, C. Pichot, and J. Guillot, "Emulsifier- Free Emulsion Copolymerization of Styrene and Butyl Acrylate. I.* Kinetic Studies in the Absence of Sulfactant", J. Polym. Sci.: Polym. Chem., 28, 119 (1990)   DOI
13 N. Sawatari, M. Fukuda, Y. Taguchi, and M. Tanaka, "The Effect of Surface Treatment of Magnetite Powder on a Structure of Composite Particles Prepared by Suspension Polymerization", J. Chem. Eng. Japan, 37-6, 731 (2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
14 H. mark, N. Bikales, C. Overberger, and G. Menges, "Encyclopedia of polym. Sci. & Eng, 2nd ed., Vol. 15", p. 560 (1989)
15 P. Bataille, M. Almassi, and M. Inoue, "Emulsifierfree Emulsion Polymerization of N-butyl Methacrylate", J. Appl. Polymer Sci., 67, 1711 (1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
16 I. Noda, T. Kamoto and M. Yamada, "Size-Controlling Synthesis of Narrowly Distributed Particles of Methylsilsesquioxane Derivatives", Chem. Mater., 12, 1708 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
17 R. Olayo, E. Garcia, Garcia-Corichi, L. Sanchezvazquez and J. Alvarez, "Poly(vinyl alcohol) as a Stabilizer in the Suspension Polymerizaton of Styrene: The Effect of the Molecular Weight", J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 67, 71 (1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
18 R. K. Iler, "The Chemistry of Silica", p. 60, John Wiley & Sons (1978)
19 S. S. Kim, T. S. Park, B. C. Shin, and Y. B. Kim, "Polymethyl methacrylate/montmorillonite nanocomposite beads through a suspension polymerization- derived process", J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 97, 2340 (2005)   DOI   ScienceOn
20 V. Castelvetro, C. D. Vita, G. Giannini, and S. Giaiacopi, "Role of Anionic and Nonionic Surfactants on the Control of Particle Size and Latex Colloidal Stability in the Seeded Emulsion Polymerization of Butyl Methacrylate", J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 102, 3083 (2006)   DOI   ScienceOn
21 G. Odian, "Principles of Polymerization", 3rd ed., Wiley Interscience (1991)
22 X. Xu and F. Chen, "Modified Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization of Butyl Methacrylate with Ionic or/and Nonionic Comonomers", J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 92, 3080 (2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
23 R. Murakami, H. Hachisako, K. Yamada, and Y. Motozato, "Preparation of Micron-Sized Poly(vinyl acetate) Particles by Suspension Polymerization Using Poly(vinyl alcohol) -Borate Complex Stabilizer", Polymer J., 25-2, 205 (1993)   DOI   ScienceOn
24 D. Li and R. A. Hutchinson, "High Temperature Semibatch Free Radical Copolymerization of Butyl Methacrylate and Styrene", Macrolmol. Symp., 243, 24 (2006)
25 S. Shen, E. D. Sudol, and M. S. El-Aasser, "Control of Particle Size in Dispersion Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate", J. Polym. Sci.: Part A: Polym. Chem, 31, 1393 (1993)   DOI   ScienceOn
26 E. Bourgeat-Lami and J. Lang, "Encapsulation of Inorganic Particles by Dispersion Polymerization in Polar Media", J. Colloid Interface Sci., 210, 281 (1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
27 M. Tanaka, S. Iida, and K. Saito, "Effect of Magnetite Incorporation Technique in Preparing Polymer Composite Particles by Suspension Polymerization", J. Chem Eng. Japan, 22-6, 1384 (1996)