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http://dx.doi.org/10.13087/kosert.2022.25.2.55

Study of the Non-linear Relationships between Watershed Land Use and Biological Indicators of Streams - The Han River Basin -  

Park, Se-Rin (Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Konkuk University)
Lee, Jong-Won (Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Konkuk University)
Park, Yu-Jin (Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Konkuk University)
Lee, Sang-Woo (Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Konkuk University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology / v.25, no.2, 2022 , pp. 55-67 More about this Journal
Abstract
Land use is a critical factor that affects the hydrological characteristics of watersheds, thereby determining the biological condition of streams. This study analyzes the effects of land uses in the watersheds on biological indicators of streams across the Han River basin using a linear model (LM) and generalized additive model (GAM). LULC and biological monitoring data of streams were obtained from the Korean Ministry of Environment. The proportions of urban, agricultural, and forest areas in the watersheds were regressed to the three biological indicators, including diatom, benthic macroinvertebrate, and fish of streams. The estimated LM and GAM models for the biological indicators were then compared, using regression determination R2 and AIC values. The results revealed that GAM models performed better than the LM models in explaining the variances of biological indicators of streams, indicating the non-linear relationships between biological indicators and land uses in watersheds. Also, the results suggested that the indicator of macroinvertebrates was the most sensitive indicator to land uses in watersheds. Although non-linear relationships between watershed land uses and biological indicators of streams could vary among biological indicators, it was consistent that streams' biological integrity significantly deteriorated by a relatively low percentage of urban areas. Meanwhile, biological indicators of streams were negatively affected by the relatively high percentage of agricultural areas. The results of this study can be integrated into effective quantitative criteria for the watershed management and land use plans to enhance the biological integrity of streams. In specific, land uses management plans in watersheds may need more close attention to urban land use changes than agricultural land uses to sustain the biological integrity of streams.
Keywords
non-linear relationship; GAM; watershed land use; biological indicators; Han River;
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