Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4218/etrij.16.2716.0017

SATS: Structure-Aware Touch-Based Scrolling  

Kim, Dohyung (SW & Content Research Laboratory, ETRI)
Gweon, Gahgene (Department of Knowledge Engineering Service, Seoul National University)
Lee, Geehyuk (Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
Publication Information
ETRI Journal / v.38, no.6, 2016 , pp. 1104-1113 More about this Journal
Abstract
Non-linear document navigation refers to the process of repeatedly reading a document at different levels to provide an overview, including selective reading to search for useful information within a document under time constraints. Currently, this function is not supported well by small-screen tablets. In this study, we propose the concept of structure-aware touch-based scrolling (SATS), which allows structural document navigation using region-dependent touch gestures for non-sequential navigation within tablets or tablet-sized e-book readers. In SATS, the screen is divided into four vertical sections representing the different structural levels of a document, where dragging into the different sections allows navigating from the macro to micro levels. The implementation of a prototype is presented, as well as details of a comparative evaluation using typical non-sequential navigation tasks performed under time constraints. The results showed that SATS obtained better performance, higher user satisfaction, and a lower usability workload compared with a conventional structural overview interface.
Keywords
E-reader; Non-linear document navigation; Region-based touch gestures; Structure-aware navigation;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 H. Shibata et al., "Page Navigation on Paper Books and Electronic Media in Reading to Answer Questions," Annu. Meeting Australian Special Interest Group Comput. Human Interact., Parkville, Australia, Dec. 7-10, 2015, pp. 526-534.
2 H. Shibata, K. Takano, and K. Omura, "Comparison of Paper and Computer Displays in Reading Including Frequent Movement Between Pages," Annu. Meeting Australian Special Interest Group Comput. Human Interact., Sydney, Australia, Dec. 2-5, 2014, pp. 549-558.
3 G.B. Duggan and S.J. Payne, "Text Skimming: the Process and Effectiveness of Foraging through Text Under Time Pressure," J. Experimental Psychology, vol. 15, no. 3, Sept. 2009, pp. 228-242.
4 W. Hurst, G. Gotz, and M. Welte, "Interactive Video Browsing on Mobile Devices," Int. Conf. Multimedia, Augsburg, Germany, Sept. 25-29, 2007, pp. 247-256.
5 A. Cockburn et al., "Improving Scrolling Devices with Document Length Dependent Gain," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Austin, TX, USA, May 5-10, 2012, pp. 267-276.
6 T. Igarashi and K. Hinckley, "Speed-Dependent Automatic Zooming for Browsing Large Documents," Annu. ACM Symp. User Interface Softw. Technol., San Diego, CA, USA, Nov. 6-8, 2000, pp. 139-148.
7 S. Kwon, E. Choi, and M.K. Chung, "Effect of Control-to-Display Gain and Movement Direction of Information Spaces on the Usability of Navigation on Small Touch-Screen Interfaces Using Tap-n-Drag," Int. J. Ind. Ergonomics, vol. 41, no. 3, May 2011, pp. 322-330.   DOI
8 G. Buchanan and T. Owen, "Improving Skim Reading for Document Triage," Int. Symp. Inform. Interact. Context, London, UK, Oct. 14-17, 2008, pp. 83-88.
9 B. Lee, O. Savisaari, and A. Oulasvirta, "Spotlights: Attention-Optimized Highlights for Skim Reading," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Santa Clara, CA, USA, May 7-12, 2016, pp. 5203-5214.
10 G.M. Smith and M.C. Schraefel, "The Radial Scroll Tool: Scrolling Support for Stylus- or Touch-Based Document Navigation," Annu. ACM Symp. User Interface Softw. Technol., Santa Fe, NM, USA, Oct. 24-27, 2004, pp. 53-56.
11 H. Tu et al., "A Comparison of Flick and Ring Document Scrolling in Touch-based Mobile Phones," Asia Pacific Conf. Comput. Human Interact., Matsue, Japan, Aug. 28-31, 2012, pp. 29-34.
12 D. Spelmezan et al., "Side Pressure for Bidirectional Navigation on Small Devices," Int. Conf. Human-Comput. Interact. Mobile Devices Services, Munich, Germany, Aug. 27-30, 2013, pp. 11-20.
13 C. Rendl et al., "FlexCase: Enhancing Mobile Interaction with a Flexible Sensing and Display Cover," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Santa Clara, CA, USA, May 7-12, 2016, pp. 5138-5150.
14 N. Chen et al., "Navigation Techniques for Dual-Display E-Book Readers," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Florence, Italy, Apr. 5-10, 2008, pp. 1779-1788.
15 D. Wightman, T. Ginn, and R. Vertegaal, "Touchmark: Flexible Document Navigation and Bookmarking Techniques for e-book Readers," Graph. Interface, Toronto, Canada, May 31-June 2, 2010, pp. 241-244.
16 N. Chen, F. Guimbretiere, and A. Sellen, "Designing a Multi-slate Reading Environment to Support Active Reading Activities," ACM Trans. Comput.-Humam Interact., vol. 19, no. 3, Oct. 2012, pp. 18:1-18:35.
17 K. Hinckley et al., "Quantitative Analysis of Scrolling Techniques," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Atlanta, GA, USA, Apr. 20-25, 2002, pp. 65-72.
18 C. Appert and J.D. Fekete, "Orthozoom Scroller: 1D Multi-scale Navigation," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Montreal, Canada, Apr. 22-27, 2006, pp. 21-30.
19 P. Quinn and A. Cockburn, "Zoofing!: Faster List Selections with Pressure-Zoom-Flick-Scrolling," Annu. Conf. Australian Comput.-Human Interact. Special Interest Group: Design, Melbourne, Australia, Nov. 23-29, 2009, pp. 185-192.
20 A. Cockburn, C. Gutwin, and J. Alexander, "Faster Document Navigation with Space-Filling Thumbnails," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Montreal, Canada, Apr. 22-27, 2006, pp. 1-10.
21 J. Alexander et al., "Revisiting Read Wear: Analysis, Design, and Evaluation of a Footprints Scrollbar," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Boston, MA, USA, Apr. 4-9, 2009, pp. 1665-1674.
22 B. MacKay et al., "Walk'n Scroll: a Comparison of Software-Based Navigation Techniques for Different Levels of Mobility," Int. Conf. Human Comput. Interact. Mobile Devices Services, Salzburg, Austria, Sept. 19-22, 2005, pp. 183-190.
23 E.W. Ishak and S.K. Feiner, "Content-Aware Scrolling," Annu. ACM Symp. User Interface Softw. Technol., Montreux, Switzerland, Oct. 15-18, 2006, pp. 155-158.
24 K. O'Hara, "Towards a Typology of Reading Goals," Xerox Tech. Report EPC-1996-107, 1996.
25 K. Hornbaek and E. Frokjaer, "Reading Patterns and Usability in Visualizations of Electronic Documents," ACM Trans. Comput.-Human Interact., vol. 10, no. 2, June 2003, pp. 119-149.   DOI
26 C.C. Marshall and S. Bly, "Turning the Page on Navigation," ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conf. Digital Libraries, Denver, CO, USA, June 7-11, 2005, pp. 225-234.
27 C.S. Tashman and W.K. Edwards, "Active Reading and Its Discontents: the Situations, Problems and Ideas of Readers," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Vancouver, Canada, May 7-12, 2011, pp. 2927-2936.
28 Z. Liu, "Reading Behavior in the Digital Environment," J. Documentation, vol. 61, no. 6, 2005, pp. 700-712.   DOI
29 M.R. Morris, A.J.B. Brush, and B.R. Meyers, "Reading Revisited: Evaluating the Usability of Digital Display Surfaces for Active Reading Tasks," Annu. IEEE Int. Workshop Horizontal Interactive Human-Comput. Syst., Newport, RI, USA, Oct. 10-12, 2007, pp. 79-86.
30 A. Thayer et al., "The Imposition and Superimposition of Digital Reading Technology: the Academic Potential of E-Readers," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Vancouver, Canada, May 7-12, 2011, pp. 2917-2926.
31 D. Aliakseyeu et al., "Multi-flick: an Evaluation of Flick-based Scrolling Techniques for Pen Interfaces," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Florence, Italy, Apr. 5-10, 2008, pp. 1689-1698.
32 K. Hornbaek, B.B. Bederson, and C. Plaisant, "Navigation Patterns and Usability of Zoomable User Interfaces with and without an Overview," ACM Trans. Comput.-Human Interact., vol. 9, no. 4, Dec. 2002, pp. 362-389.   DOI
33 K. O'Hara and A. Sellen, "A Comparison of Reading Paper and On-line Documents," SIGCHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Syst., Atlanta, GA, USA, Mar. 22-27, 1997, pp. 335-342,
34 J. Franze, K. Marriott, and M. Wybrow, "What Academics Want When Reading Digitally," ACM Symp. Document Eng, Fort Collins, CO, USA, Sept. 16-19, 2014, pp. 199-202.