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The Change of Backlayer Length with the Ventilation Air Velocity in the Tunnel Fire  

김성준 (강원대학교 공과대학 기계메카트로닉스공학부)
이민규 (소방안전협회)
Publication Information
Fire Science and Engineering / v.17, no.3, 2003 , pp. 50-54 More about this Journal
Abstract
The backlayer phenomena of smoke in the road tunnel is evaluated through numerical experiments. A commercial code, PHOENICS is used to simulate smoke flow in the road tunnel. The independent and dependent variables are ventilation air velocity and the length of backlayer of smoke respectively. Hybrid scheme and $textsc{k}-\varepsilon$ turbulence model is adopted in the simulation process and mass residual is used as a convergence criterion. The experimental results say that the length of backlayer is reduced linearly with the increase of ventilating air velocity and that there is a critical air velocity which prevents from the onset of backlayering phenomena. One finds that there is a fresh air region near the bottom of tunnel which could make the passenger escape from the region polluted by smoke. These phenomena come from the severe vertical stratification of the smoke air mixture in the tunnel.
Keywords
Backlayer; Road tunnel; Fire; Numerical experiment;
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  • Reference
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