Extraction and Physicochemical Characterization of Barley Bran -glucan

Waxy barley brans were collected during the pearling process. The extraction of $\beta$-glucan from barley bran was effected by the extraction conditions. The $\beta$-glucan content increased with temperature, but not with pH. The highest yield, 6.5%, was achieved at pH 7.0 and 55$^{\circ}C$. At pH 10 and 45$^{\circ}C$, 48.5% of the $\beta$-glucan in barley bran was recovered in the gum product, with 54.6% purity. The protein and starch contaminations were high, reaching 13.6 and 23.7%, respectively. The $\beta$-glucan content was greatest in the subaleurone and aleurone regions (bran fractions 1, 2, 3 and 4), and declined considerably toward the inner layers. A monosaccharide analysis of the purified, $\beta$-glucan, from bran fractions 1, 2, 3 and 4, indicated that glucose constituted the majority of the gum. The small amounts of the arabinose and xylose found in the gum may indicate the presence of arabinoxylans as minor constituents. The molecular weights of the $\beta$-glucans isolated from bran fractions 1,2 and 3 were found to be 4.09${\times}$10$^{5}$ ∼-4.41${\times}$10$^{5}$ . The major glycosidic linkages of the $\beta$-glucans demonstrated the presence of 2, 4, 6-Me-Glc and 2, 3, 6-Me-Glc. When flow behaviors of barley bran $\beta$-glucan were examined, $\beta$-glucan exhibited pseudoplastic fluid properties.

보리겨 -glucan의 추출 및 이화학적 특성

Bran(1∼5번)의 총 평균 $\beta$-glucan 함량은 5.52%로서 가장 높은 회수율 (48.5%)을 보인 추출 조건은 pH 10 및 45$^{\circ}C$, 다음은 pH 7 및 45$^{\circ}C$로 나타났다. 보리겨의 gum 물질은 배유 부분의 gum 물질과는 달리 상당량의 전분, 단백질이 혼입되어 있었고 정제된 $\beta$-glucan 도 단백질 및 전분 함량이 감소되긴 하였으나 호분층 안쪽의 bran 1,2,3,4에서도 $\beta$-glucan 함량이 78.2∼85.8%를 나타내어 세포벽의 peptide, arabinoxylan 등과 강하게 결합됨을 알 수 있었다. $\beta$-glucan을 이루는 구성당은 glucose가 주종이며, 그 외 arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose였으며, 분자량은 보리겨에 따라 차이가 있으나 bran 1∼3의 경우 4.09 x $10^{5}$ 에서 4.41 x $10^{5}$ 정도의 분자량이 90% 이상을 차지하였으며, 다당 고유의 특성인 분자량의 분산성을 나타내었다. 한편 $\beta$-glucan의 구조 역시 보리겨에 따라 다소 차이가 있으나 $\beta$-(1\$\longrightarrow$3) 결합, $\beta$-(1\$\longrightarrow$4) 결합이 대부분을 차지하였고, $\beta$-glucan용액의 유동특성은 농도가 증가함에 따라 유동지수는 감소하여 의가소성이 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다.