Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.15230/SCSK.2019.45.3.237

Factors Affecting Physical Properties of Solid Sunscreen Using Response Surface Methodology  

Ryu, Sang Deok (Department of Chemistry and Cosmetics, College of National Science, Jeju National University)
Heo, Min Geun (Department of Chemistry and Cosmetics, College of National Science, Jeju National University)
Yoon, Kyung-Sup (Department of Chemistry and Cosmetics, College of National Science, Jeju National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea / v.45, no.3, 2019 , pp. 237-254 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study is focused on the effect of sodium stearate, which is a hydrophilic gelling agent affecting on the hardness of O/W solid sunscreen cosmetic. The sunscreen of the O/W (oil in water) type is stable, good in use, and relatively easier to stabilize than the sunscreen of the W/O (water in oil) type. Methods for increasing the stability by using emulsifiers, electrolytes, and wax or oil have been studied for solid sunscreen. This study was intended to develop a solid sunscreen stabilized by increasing the hardness using sodium stearate as an O/W type containing more than 40% moisture. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyze the factors affecting the hardness of cosmetics, and sodium stearate, polyol and oil were used for each factor. The hardness and the reaction value was measured using a rheometer. As a result, sodium stearate showed a meaningful value (p < 0.05) among the three factors affecting hardness. In addition, the use of sodium stearate as a hydrophilic gelling agent increased the usability and stability of the solid sunscreen.
Keywords
sodium stearate; response surface methodology (RSM); solid sunscreen cosmetics; rheometer; hardness;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 J. H. An, Master's Thesis Dissertation, Ajou University, Korea (2015).
2 J. H. Lee and G. W. Park, A case study on sun stick container designs that reflect changing consumer trend, A Journal of Brand Design Association of Korea, 16(1), 287 (2018).   DOI
3 J. Y. Yeon, J. M. Seo, J. T. Bae, C. H. Lee, S. G. Lee, H. B. Pyo, and J. T. Hong, A study on the factors that influence the sun protection factor (SPF) and protection factor of UV-A (PA) in sunscreen, J. of Korean Oil Chemists Soc., 31(3), 422 (2014).   DOI
4 Korea Patent, 10-1756697 (2017).
5 M. H. Lee and I. Y. Kim, Moisturizing effect and durability of sun protection factor (UV A/B) activity with multiple emulsion (W/O/W) system, J. of Korean Oil Chemists Soc., 32(2), 339 (2015).   DOI
6 J. Y. Yeon, J. M. Seo, T. H. Kim, and J. G. Shim, Emulsion stability of low viscosity W/O emulsion and application of inorganic sunscreen agents, J. of Oil & Applied Science, 35(3), 985 (2018).   DOI
7 W. H. Kim, K. S. Lee, and K. K. Lee, An experimental study on the property and stability of W/O emulsion by various structures of emulsifier, J. Soc. Cosmet. Sci. Korea, 38(2), 119 (2012).   DOI
8 Korea Patent 10-1443181 (2014).
9 Wikipedia, Sodium stearate, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_stearate, (2019).
10 Korea Patent 10-2017-0055195 (2017).
11 Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 11th Revision of the Korean Pharmacopoeia, (2014).
12 I. M. Yang, G. T. Oh, C. B. You, and I. G. Hwang, Design and Analysis of Experiments. 432, Minyoungsa, Seoul (2015).
13 Y. B. Lim, S. H. Park, B. J. An, and Y. I. Kim, Practical Design of Experiment: Using Design-expert 7 & minitab, 344, Freedom Academy Publishing Co., Gyeonggi-do (2008).
14 D. K. Park, Design of experiment using Minitab, 11, Kijeon Publisher, Seoul (2008).
15 Z. Ismail, S. Ahmad, and R. Ismail, The advantages of palm-based dihydroxy stearate in deodorant sticks, Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 27(4), 463 (2006).   DOI