Browse > Article

Antimicrobial Plant Extracts as an Alternative of Chemical Preservative: Preservative Efficacy of Terminalia chebula, Rhus japonica (gallut) and Cinnmomum cassia Extract in the Cosmetic Formular  

Cho, Eun-Mi (R&D Center, Hanbul Cosmetics Co. Ltd.)
Bae, Jun-Tae (R&D Center, Hanbul Cosmetics Co. Ltd.)
Pyo, Hyeong-Bae (R&D Center, Hanbul Cosmetics Co. Ltd.)
Lee, Geun-Su (R&D Center, Hanbul Cosmetics Co. Ltd.)
Publication Information
Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea / v.34, no.4, 2008 , pp. 325-331 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was carried to investigate the efficiency of antimicrobial plant extracts as natural preservative in the cosmetic formulations. Ethanol extracts of different plants were tested using the disc diffusion (paper disc) method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method for their antimicrobial activity against the common poultry pathogens. Terminalia chebula and Rhus japonica (gallut) extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Cinnmomum cassia extract exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger while the remaining plant extracts showed no activity. A study of the preservative efficacy of the cosmetic formular containing the T. chebula, R. japonica and C. cassia extracts demonstrated sufficient preservative efficacy against bacteria and eukaryotic test microbes. Also, the cosmetic formulations containing antimicrobial plant extracts more effectively inhibited the microoranisms than the mixture of traditional chemical preservatives. These results suggest that the mixture of antimicrobial plant extracts, T. chebula, R. japonica and C. cassia is incorporated as preservative in the cosmetic formulation and the mixture have considerable effect on its efficacy.
Keywords
antimicrobial plant extracts; antimicrobial activity; preservative efficacy; chemical preservatives; cosmetic;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 K. K. Ok, K. Y. Doo, S. J. Kim, J. D. Kim, S. S. Park, and H. S. Lee, New cosmetical, Donghwa Publishing Company (1997)
2 A. A. Fisher, The paraben paradox, Cutis, 12, 830 (1973)
3 N. N. Barthakur and N. P. Arnold, Nutritive value of the chebulic myrobalan (Terminalia chebula Retz.) and its potential as a food source, Food Chem., 40, 213 (1991)   DOI   ScienceOn
4 A. Nostro, M. A. Cannatelli, I. Morelli, A. D. Musolino, F. Scuderi, F. Pizzimenti, and V. Alonzo, Efficiency of Calamintha officinalis essential oil as preservative in two topical product types, J. Appl. Microbiol., 97, 395 (2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
5 J. I. Yablonski and S. E. Mancuso, Preservation of atypical cosmetic product systems, Cosmet. Toil., 117(4), 31 (2002)
6 M. S. Blois, Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical, Nature, 181, 1199 (1958)   DOI   ScienceOn
7 I. D. Trayner, A. P. Rayner, G. E. Freeamn, and R. Farzaneh, Quantitative multiwell myeloid differentiation assay using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate ($H_2DCFDA$) or dihydrorhodamine 123 ($H_2R123$), J. Immunological Methods, 186, 275 (1995)   DOI   ScienceOn
8 J. H. Park, Korean drug handbook, 1, Shinilbooks, Seoul (2002)
9 D. S. Orth and D. Enigl, Preservative efficacy testing by a rapid screening method for estimation of D-values, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 44, 329 (1993)
10 Microbial challenge of test material (CTFA method M-3 and M-4)
11 T. Branna, A preservative market update, Happi, 5, 101 (2003)
12 D. S. Orth and D. C. Steinberg, The safety factor in preservative efficacy testing, Cosmet. Toil., 118(44), 51 (2003)
13 P. Bonnevie, Overfolsomhed for aetylparaoxybenzoat (Mycoten), Nordisk Medicin, 6, 684 (1940)
14 O. J. Choi, Components and usage of herbs, Ilworlseogak (1999)
15 E. Esposito, F. Bortolotti, C. Nastruzzi, E. Menegatti, and R. Cortesi, Diffusion of preservatives from topical dosage forms: a comparative study, J. Cosmet. Sci., 54(3), 239 (2003)   PUBMED
16 J. Vilaplana and C. Romaguera, Contact dermatitis from parabens used as preservatives in eyedrops, Contact Dermatiti., 43(4), 248 (2000)
17 D. H. Shin, Food science and industry, 23(4), 68 (1990)
18 S. B. Seo, C. S. Ryu, G. W. Ahn, H. B. Kim, B. K. Jo, S. H. Kim, J. D. Lee, and T. Kajiuchi, Development of a natural preservative system using the mixture of chitosan - Inula helenium L. extract, Int. J. Cosmet. Sci., 24(4), 195 (2002)   DOI   ScienceOn
19 D. Steinberg, Frequency of use of preservatives 2001, Cosmet. Toil., 117(4), 41 (2002)
20 D. Kalemba and A. Kunicka, Antibacterial and antifungal properties of essential oils, Curr. Med. Chem., 10(10), 813 (2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
21 C. Singh, $2{\alpha}$-Hydroxymicromeric acid, a pentacyclic triterpene from Terminalia chebula, Phytochemistry, 29(7), 2348 (1990)   DOI   ScienceOn
22 M. Ferrari, L. C. L. Monterio, D. J. A. Netz, and P. A. Rocha-Filho, Identifying cosmetic forms and crystalline phases from ternary systems, Cosmet. Toil., 118(4), 61 (2003)
23 R. Gruening, As much as necessary, as little as possible: a simple rule for the use of preservatives in cosmetics, Cosmet. Toil., 113(4), 61 (1998)
24 D. S. Orth and J. J. Kabara, Preservative-free and self-preserving cosmetics and drugs application of hurdle technology, Cosmet. Toil., 113(4), 51 (1998)
25 D. Steinberg, Z. Hirschfeld, I. Tayeb, S. Ben-Yosef, A. David, and M. Friedman, The effect of parabens in a mouthwash and incorporated into a sustained release varnish on salivary bacteria, J. Dentistry., 27(2), 101 (1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
26 S. M. Cooper and S. Shaw, Allergic contact dermatitis from parabens in a tar shampoo, Contact Dermatitis, 39(3), 140 (1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
27 L. Sarkany, Contact dermatitis from pafaben, J. Dermatol., 72(10), 345 (1960)   DOI
28 E. J. Routledge, J. Parker, J. Odum, J. Ashby, and J. P. Sumpter, Some alkyl hydroxy benzoate preservatives (parabens) are estrogenic, Toxicol. Appl. Pharm., 153(1), 12 (1998)   DOI   ScienceOn