Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14406/acu.2019.022

The Effects of Acupuncture at LR3 Acupoint on Mitochondrial Complex IV Oxidase activity in Liver  

Choi, Donghee (Department of Acupoint & Meridian, College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University)
Lee, Yumi (Department of Acupoint & Meridian, College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University)
Kim, Mirae (Department of Acupoint & Meridian, College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University)
Park, Jeonghye (Department of Acupoint & Meridian, College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University)
Kim, Hyeran (Department of Acupoint & Meridian, College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University)
Na, Changsu (Department of Acupoint & Meridian, College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University)
Youn, Daehwan (Department of Acupoint & Meridian, College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Acupuncture / v.36, no.4, 2019 , pp. 200-209 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objectives : The liver is rich in mitochondria and it plays a key role in whole-body energy homeostasis. Mitochondria is double membrane-bound organelle that supplies energy for intracellular metabolism including Krebs cycle and beta-oxidation. Acupuncture is known to stimulate and regulate the flow of energy. To explore the effect of acupuncture on the mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in the rats' livers, the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I to IV was observed. Methods : The rats were divided into 4 groups; Normal 1 (no acupuncture treatment and anesthesia for 5 min), Normal 2 (no acupuncture treatment and anesthesia for 10 min), MA1 (acupuncture treatment at bilateral LR3 under anesthesia for 5 min), and MA2 (acupuncture treatment at bilateral LR3 under anesthesia for 10 min). All rats were sacrificed and the livers were examined for respiratory chain change. Results : There was no difference in ubiquinon oxidoreductase, succinate dehydrogenase, and ubiquinol cytochrome C oxidoreductase after acupuncture at LR3. Acupuncture at LR3 for 10 min increased the activity of cytochrome C oxidase compared with no acupuncture groups. Conclusions : Acupuncture at LR3 mediated mitochondrial respiratory chain activity via the cytochrome C oxidase signaling pathway in the livers of rats.
Keywords
LR3 acupoint; ubiquinon oxidoreductase; succinate dehydrogenase; ubiquinol cytochrome C oxidoreductase; cytochrome C oxidase;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Lesnefsky EJ, Moghaddas S, Tandler B, Kerner J, Hoppel CL. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac disease: ischemia-reperfusion, aging, and heart failure. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology. 2001 ; 33(6) : 1065-89.   DOI
2 Csordas G, Hajnoczky G. Sorting of calcium signals at the junctions of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Cell Calcium. 2001 ; 29(4) : 249-62.   DOI
3 Park SY, Jo JH. Effect of Membrane Lipid Peroxidation on Liver Mitochondrial Functions. The Korean Society of Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 2001 ; 25(1) : 34-40.
4 Picard M, Wallace DC, Burelle Y. The rise of mitochondria in medicine. Mitochondrion. 2016 ; 30 : 105-16.   DOI
5 Shim EB, Lee SW, Kim SJ, Leem CH , Kwon YK, Baik YS, et al. Mitochondria Hypothesis on the Obesity-Prone Tendency in Tae-Eum People. Korean J. Oriental Physiology & Pathology. 2009 ; 23(6) : 1241-6.
6 Park SY, Jo JH. Effect of Vitamin A on Hepatic Mitochondrial Activity. The Korean Society of Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 2003 ; 27(1) : 53-8.
7 Kim SJ, Lee YG, Lee HJ, Kim JS. The Effects of LR3 and SP6 Acupuncture on Liver Damage of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Mice. Journal of Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine Society. 2016 ; 3(3) : 29-43.
8 Gwak AC. Emperor Inner Circumstance Chuigu Stone. Tianjin : Tianjin Science and Technology Publishing House. 1989 : 369.
9 Park JS, Youn DH, Na CS, Jo MR, Jeong YJ, Jeong JY, et al. Anti-apoptotic and neuroprptective effects of acupuncture techniques of tonification or sedation at LR3 on focal brain ischemic injury induced by intraluminal filament insertion in rats. Korean Journal of Acupuncture. 2006 ; 23(3) : 81-98.
10 Youn DH, Na CS. Hepatoprotective effects of Electro-Acupuncture at Taechung (LR3) and Yangji (TE4) on experimental Liver injury in rats. Korean Journal of Acupuncture. 2006 ; 23(2) : 167-76.
11 Rama Rao KV, Norenberg MD. Brain energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in acute and chronic hepatic encephalopathy. Neurochem. Int. 2012 ; 60(7) : 697-706.   DOI
12 Wallace DC. A mitochondrial paradigm of metabolic and degenerative diseases, aging, and cancer: a dawn for evolutionary medicine. Annu Review of Genetics. 2005 ; 39 : 359-407.   DOI
13 Sim EB. Mitochondria Medicine and its Research Trend. Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research. 2009 ; 30(5) : 355-61.
14 Powers SK, Hamilton K. Antioxidant and exercise. Clinics in Sports Medicine. 1999 ; 18(3) : 525-36.   DOI
15 Baek IY. The Effect of Artificial Inhibition of Mitochondrial ETC and Aerobic Training on Antioxidant System,and Energy Metabolism. Exercise Science. 2002 ; 11(2) : 315-34.
16 Ji LL. Exercise and oxidative stress : role of the cellular antioxidant systems. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. 1995 ; 23(1) : 135-66.
17 Ji LL, Leeuwenburgh C, Leichtweis S, Gore M, Geibig R, Hollander J, et al. Oxidative stress and aging. Annals of the New York Accademy of Sciences. 1998 ; 20(854) : 102-17.
18 Chalrlotte WP, Kathleen C. Essential Biochemistry. 2nd ed. Wiley. 2011 : 360-79.
19 Johns DR. Mitochondrial DNA and disease. New England Journal of medicine. 1995 : 333-638.
20 Calvo S, Jain M, Xie X, Sheth SA, Chang B, Goldberger OA, et al. Systematic identification of human mitochondrial disease genes through integrative genomics. Nature Genetics. 2006 ; 38(5) : 576-82.   DOI
21 Takuma K, Yao J, Huang J, Xu H, Chen X, Luddy J, et al. ABAD enhances Abetainducedcell stress via mitochondrial dysfunction. The FASEB Journal. 2005 ; 19(6) : 597-8.
22 Jiang X, Xiaodong W. Cytochrome C-Mediated Apoptosis. Annual Review of Biochemistry. 2004 ; 73 : 87-106.   DOI
23 Koo JH, Cho JY. The effects of treadmill exercise on cognitive performance and PGC-$1{\alpha}$, cytochrome-c expression in the brain mitochondrial in NSE/PS2m-transgenic mice of Alzheimer's Disease. Sports Science. 2013 ; 30(2) : 1-10.   DOI
24 Chen H, Chan DC. Mitochondrial dynamics-fusion, fission, movement, and mitophagy-in neurodegenerative diseases. Human Molecular Genetics. 2009 ; 18(R2) : 169-76.
25 Yang Y, Wang J, Li Y, Fan C, Jiang S, Zhao L, et al. HO-1 :Signaling activation by pterostilbene treatment attenuates mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Molecular Neurobiology. 2016 ; 53(4) : 2339-53.   DOI
26 Koo JH. The Effect of Treadmill Exercise on ${\alpha}$-synuclein and Mitochondrial Dynamic in The Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Korean Society of Exercise Physiology. 2016 : 256-64.
27 Votyakova TV, Reynolds IJ. Ca2p-induced permeabilization promotes free radical release from rat brain mitochondria with partially inhibited complex I. Journal of Neurochemistry. 2005 ; 93(3) : 526-37.   DOI
28 Siebels I, Drose S. Q-site inhibitor induced ROS production of mitochondrial complex II is attenuated by TCA cycle dicarboxylates. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Bioenergetics. 2013 ; 1827(10) : 1156-64.   DOI
29 Du J, Ma M, Zhao Q, Fang L, Chang J, Wang Y, et al. Mitochondrial bioenergetic deficits in the hippocampi of rats with chronic ischemiainduced vascular dementia. Neuroscience. 2013 ; 231 : 345-52.   DOI
30 Anna S, Csaba K, Giovanni M, Vadim T, Alexander G. Reactive oxygen species production by brain mitochondria depends linearly on oxygen level. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 2018 ; 120(1) : 136.
31 Zhang X, Wu B, Nie K, Jia Y, Yu J. Effects of acupuncture on declined cerebral blood flow, impaired mitochondrial respiratory function and oxidative stress in multi-infarct dementia rats. Neurochemistry International. 2014 ; 65 : 23-9.   DOI
32 Li H, Liu Y, Lin LT, Wang XR, Du SQ, Yan CQ, et al. Acupuncture reversed hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction in vascular dementia rats. Neurochemistry International. 2016 ; (92) : 35-42.
33 Yang XX, Wang X, Shi TT, Dong JC, Li FJ, Zeng LX, et al. Mitochondrial dysfunction in high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The alleviating effect and its mechanism of Polygonatum kingianum. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2019 ; 117 : 109083.   DOI
34 Murphy MP. How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species. Biochemical Journal. 2009 ; 417(1) : 1-13.   DOI