Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2011.49.4.480

A Study of Enzymatic and Water Degumming Using Crude Canola Oil  

Jang, Myung Gwi (Department of New and Renewable Energy, Korea Institute of Energy Research)
Kim, Deog Keun (Department of New and Renewable Energy, Korea Institute of Energy Research)
Park, Soon Chul (Department of New and Renewable Energy, Korea Institute of Energy Research)
Lee, Jin Suk (Department of New and Renewable Energy, Korea Institute of Energy Research)
Kim, Seung Wook (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University)
Publication Information
Korean Chemical Engineering Research / v.49, no.4, 2011 , pp. 480-484 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, degumming process was carried out for reducing to less than 10 ppm of phosphorus contents and primary properties of crude canola oil including 0.64 mgKOH/g of acid value, 0.09% of water contents, 0.13% of insoluble impurities, and 40 ppm of phosphorus contents. Efficiency of water degumming and enzymatic degumming was compared for the selection of suitable process obtaining feedstock of biodiesel. Degumming method was determined for preparation of raw material of biodiesel, and reaction conditions were also established. The most effective conditions for water degumming were 2% distilled water (w/w oil), $30^{\circ}C$ of reaction temperature, 900 rpm of agitation speed, and 30 min of reaction time, respectively. In case of enzymatic degumming, optimal conditions were found to be 90 ppm of phospholipase A2 (w/w oil), $50^{\circ}C$ of reaction temperature at pH 5, respectively. When comparing water degumming with enzymatic degumming, efficiency of enzymatic degumming was better than water degumming. However, water degumming method was much more suitable for the production of biodiesel feedstock considering reaction time and process feasibility.
Keywords
Crude Canola Oil; Phospholipid; Water Degumming; Enzymatic Degumming;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 AOCS Officical Method Ea 8-58, "Moisture, Karl Fischer Volumetric Method," Official Method and Recommended practices of the AOCS, Fifth Ed. AOCS. Champaign, Illinois(2009).
2 AOCS Officical Method Cd 3d-63, "Acid Value", Official Method and Recommended practices of the AOCS, Fifth Ed. AOCS. Champaign, Illinois(2003).
3 Gustone, F. D., "Fatty Acid and Lipid Chemistry," Chapman & Hall, UK, 207(1996).
4 Kudo, I. and Murakami, M., "Phospholipase $A_{2}$ Enzymes," Prostaglandins & other Lipid Mediators, 68-69, 3-58(2002).   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Seddon, J. M. and Templer, R. H., "Polymorphism of Lipid- Water Systems," from the Handbook of Biological Physics, 1. R. Lipowsky, and E. Sackmann. (c), Elsevier Science B.V. ISBN 0- 444-81975-4(1995).
6 CEN, EN 14214, "Biodiesel Standard"(2003).
7 Korbitz, W., "New Trends in Developing Biodiesel World-wide," Conference on Power crops for the Americas, May, Miami, 2002.
8 IEA., "Biofuels for Transport," IEA Bookshop(2004).
9 Kim, H. R., "Biodiesel," Prospect. Ind. Chem., 5(1), 27-34(2002).
10 Graboski, M. S. and McCormick, R. L., "Combustion of Fat and Vegetable Oil Derived Fuels in Diesel Engines," Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 24, 125-164(1998).   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Carlson, K., "Acid and Alkali Refining of Canola Oil," INFORM 4, 272-281(1993).
12 Denise, J., "Fats refining. In: Oils & Fats Manual," Karleskind, A., Lavoisier Publishing, Paris (France), 2, 807-895(1996).
13 Dahlke, K., Eichelsbacher, M., $EnzyMax^{(R)}$ and $ALCON^{(R)}$ - Lurgi's route to physical refining. In: Emerging Technologies, Current Practices, Quality Control, Technology Transfer, and Environmental Issues. Eds. S. S. Koseoglu, K. C. Rhee, R. F. Wilson, AOCS Press, Champaign IL (USA), 53-59(1998).
14 C molik, J. and Pokorn , J., "Physical Refining of Edible Oils," Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 102, 472-486(2000).   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Mainda, G., "Degumming of Vegetable Oil by a New Microbial Lipase," Food Technol. Biotechnol, 44(1), 101-104 (2006).
16 Kim, C., "Enzymatic Oil-degumming by a Novel Microbial Phospholipase," Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol, 103, 333-340(2001).   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Edward, A. D., "Diversity of Group Types, Regulation, and Function of Phospholipase A2," The Journal of Biological Chemisry, 269(18), 13057-13060(1994).
18 Kim, D. K., Choi, J. D., Park, J. Y., Lee, J. S., Park, S. B. and Park, S. C., "Optimization of Pre-treatment of Tropical Crop Oil by Sulfuric Acid and Bio-diesel Production," Korean Chem. Eng. Res. (HWAHAK KONGHAK), 47(6), 762-767(2009).
19 AOCS Officical Method Ca 3a-46, "Insoluble Impurity," Official Method and Recommended practices of the AOCS, Fifth Ed. AOCS. Champaign, Illinois(2009).
20 AOCS Officical Method Ca 12-55, "Phosphorus, " Official Method and Recommended practices of the AOCS, Fifth Ed. AOCS. Champaign, Illinois(1997a).