Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2011.49.3.330

Preparations of Universal, Functionalized Long-Chain Alkylthiol Linkers for Self-assembled Monolayers  

Yoo, Dong-Jin (Department of Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Engineering, Specialized Graduate School)
Lee, Kyong-Sub (EstechPharma Co., Ltd.)
Kim, Ae-Rhan (Department of Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Engineering, Specialized Graduate School)
Nahm, Kee-Suk (Department of Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Engineering, Specialized Graduate School)
Publication Information
Korean Chemical Engineering Research / v.49, no.3, 2011 , pp. 330-337 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this research, the preparation processes for making a series of $\omega$-mercapto alkylamine 1 and $\omega$-mercapto alkanoic acid 2 useful for studying of the self-assembled monolayer(SAM) are described. The preparation methods of the first goal materials, $\omega$-mercapto alkylamines 1 were carried out as follows: First, $\omega$-phthalimide alkanol 3 was synthesized from commercially available potassium phthalimide derivatives and $\omega$-bromoalkanol in DMF at $80{^{\circ}C}$ via substitution reaction. After refluxing $\omega$-phthalimide alkanol 3 with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol followed by treating with c-HCl, $\omega$-aminoalkanol 4 was obtained in 76-98% yield, accompanied with side-product 5. Bromination of hydroxyl moiety of $\omega$-aminoalkanol 4 using aqueous hydrobromic acid furnished $\omega$-bromoamine 6 in 34-97% yields. Substitution reaction 6 with thiourea in 95% ethanol gave $\omega$-aminoalkanthiuronium 7, which was treated with aqueous strong base and aqueous strong sulfuric acid gave desired products, $\omega$-mercapto alkylamines 1 through overall 5 steps. The second target material, $\omega$-mercapto alkanoic acid 2 was prepared via 2 steps. $\omega$-bromo alkanoic acid was reacted with thiourea to give $\omega$-thiourea alkanoic acid 7 in 69-85%, which was treated with aqueous strong base and strong acid to furnish $\omega$-mercapto alkanoic acid 2 in 50-98%. The fabricated long-chain alkylthiol(LCAT) can be used as linkers to immobilize protein, enzyme and various kinds of biomolecules on the surface of metallic materials(Au, Pt, Ti) by SAM, and can be useful chemical tools for the application study on the surface modification of metallic materials.
Keywords
SAM; Long-Chain Alkylthiol Linkers; Organic Material; Chemical Tools;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Dermody, D. L., Crooks, R. M. and Kim, T., "Interactions Between Organized, Surface-confined Monolayers and Vapor-phase Probe Molecules. 11. Synthesis, Characterization, and Chemical Sensitivity of Self-assembled Polydiacetylene/calix[N]arene Bilayers," J. Am. Chem. Soc., 118, 11912-11917(1996).   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Schonherr, H., Vancso, G. J., Huisman, B.-H., van Veggel, F. C. J. M. and Reinhoudt, D. N., "An Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Self-assembled Monolayers of calix[4]resorcinarene Adsorbates on Au(111)," Langmuir, 13, 1567-1570(1997).   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Dermody, D. L., Lee, Y., Kim, T. and Crooks, R. M., "Synthesis, Characterization, and Chemical Sensitivity of Self-assembled Bilayers Composed of Polydiacetylenes and Calix[4]arenes Chemically Modified on the Upper Rim," Langmuir, 15, 8435-8440(1999).   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Seo, K., Jeon, I. C. and Yoo, D. J., "Electrochemical Characteristics of Ferrocenecarboxylate-coupled aminoundecylthiol selfassembled monolayers," Langmuir, 20, 4147-4154(2004).   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Yao, H., Kojima, H., Sato, S. and Kimura, K., "Interparticle Spacing Control in the Superlattices of Carboxylic Acid-capped Gold Nanoparticles by Hydrogen-bonding Mediation," Langmuir, 20, 10317-10323(2004).   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Kazemekaite, M., Bulovas, A., Talaikyte, Z., Railaite, V. and Niaura, G., Tetrahedron Lett., 49, 6212-6216(2008).   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Armerigo, W. L. F. and Perrin, D. D. Purification of Laboratory Chemicals, 4th Ed.; Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1996.
8 Smith, L. I. and Emerson, O. H., "tert-Butylphthalimide", Organic Syntheses, 3, 151-153(1955).
9 Cortest, F., "$\beta$-Bromoethylamine Hydrobromide," Organic Syntheses, 2, 91-93(1943).
10 Miller, G., Cuendet, P. and Gratzel, M., "Adsorbed $\omega$-hydroxy Thiol Monolayers on Gold Electrodes: Evidence for Electron Tunneling to Redox Species in Solution," J. Phys. Chem. 95, 877-886 (1991).   DOI
11 John Speziale, A., "Ethanedithiol," Organic Syntheses, 4, 401-403 (1963).
12 Fabianowski, W., Coyle, L. C., Weber, B. A., Granata, R. D., Castner, D. G., Sadownik, A. and Regen S. L., "Spontaneous Assembly of Phosphatidylcholine Monolayers via Chmisorption Onto Gold," Langmuir, 5, 35-41(1989).   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Swalen, J. D., Allara, D. L., Andrade, J. D., Chandross, E. A., Garoff, S., Israelachvili, J., McCarthy, T. J., Murray, R., Pease, R. F., Rabolf, J. F., Wynne, K. J. and Yu, H., "Molecular Monolayers and Films," Langmuir, 3, 932-950(1987).   DOI
14 Nuzzo, R. G. and Allara, D. L., "Adsorption of Bifunctional Organic Disulfides on Gold Surfaces," J. Am. Chem. Soc., 105, 4481-4483(1983).   DOI
15 Schierbaum, K. D., Weiss, T., Thoden van Vekzen, E. U., Engbersen, J. F. J., Reinhoudt, D. N. and Gopel, W., "Molecular Recognition by Self-assembled Monolayers of Cavitand Receptors," Science, 256, 1413-1415(1994).
16 Thoden van Velden, E. U., Engbersen, J. F. J. and Reinhoudt, D. N., "Self-assembled Monolayers of Receptor Adsorbates on Gold: Preparation and Characterization," J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 3597-3598(1994).   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Kim, T., Ye, Q., Sun, L., Chan, K. C. and Crooks, R. M., "Polymeric Self-assembled Monolayers. 5. Synthesis and Characterization of $\omega$-functionalized, Self-assembled Diacetylenic and Polydiacetylenic Monolayers," Langmuir, 12, 6065-6073(1996).   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Kim, U. R., "Applications of Self-assembled Monolayers(SAMs) for Biosensor," Korean J. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 17(5), 412-428(2002).